Reactive Bone Formation in Musculoskeletal Tumors

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Questions and Answers

What type of bone formation results in layers of reactive bone resembling an onion skin?

  • Onion-skin (correct)
  • Codman's triangle
  • Sunburst reaction
  • Solid sunburst

Which type of periosteal reaction is associated with less malignant tumors?

  • Codman's triangle
  • Onion-skin (correct)
  • Sunburst reaction
  • Solid sunburst

Which term refers to successive waves of tumor expansion creating layers of reactive bone formation?

  • Sunburst reaction
  • Codman's triangle
  • Solid sunburst
  • Onion-skin (correct)

In Enneking's four questions, what process involves the formation of osteoid?

<p>Chondroid process (B)</p>
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Which type of lesion may present with a radiolucent or ground glass appearance?

<p>Matrix (D)</p>
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Which term is associated with a more malignant form of periosteal reaction?

<p>Codman's triangle (D)</p>
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What is the male-to-female ratio for solitary osteochondroma?

<p>2:1 (A)</p>
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What is the morphology of osteochondromas?

<p>Mushroom-shaped (B)</p>
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What is the composition of the outer layer of the head of an osteochondroma?

<p>Hyaline cartilage (A)</p>
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In osteochondroma, what does the inner portion of the head and stalk predominantly consist of?

<p>Newly formed bone (C)</p>
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At what age do patients with osteochondroma generally seek medical advice because of a bony mass?

<p>2nd decade (B)</p>
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Why does activity-related pain occur in patients with osteochondroma?

<p>Due to irritation of surrounding muscles by the mass (B)</p>
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What is the standard treatment for aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) now?

<p>Biopsy confirmation of diagnosis, staging studies, preoperative chemotherapy, surgical resection, postoperative chemotherapy (D)</p>
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What is a characteristic feature of aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC)?

<p>Rapidly expansile lesion with multiple blood filled cystic cavities (D)</p>
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Before effective chemotherapy was developed, what was the survival outcome for patients with metastatic disease?

<p>Approximately 80% of patients died of metastases (C)</p>
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What has increased the number of limb-sparing operations for osteosarcoma patients?

<p>Improved reconstructive techniques (A)</p>
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What is the 5-year disease-free survival rate for individuals with stage II osteosarcoma?

<p>Approximately 70% (D)</p>
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Where are chondrosarcomas commonly located?

<p>Pelvis, shoulder, ribs (B)</p>
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Which age group has a peak incidence of primary chondrosarcomas?

<p>Between 30 and 60 years old (A)</p>
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What is a common feature of secondary chondrosarcomas?

<p>Association with previous osteochondroma (A)</p>
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How do low-grade chondrosarcomas often present radiographically?

<p>Discrete radiolucent popcorn pattern (B)</p>
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What is a key factor influencing the incidence of distant metastases in chondrosarcoma?

<p>Degree of malignancy (C)</p>
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Which common site is NOT mentioned as a frequent location for chondrosarcomas?

<p>Distal extremities (B)</p>
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How is chondrosarcoma primarily treated?

<p>Surgical resection (C)</p>
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What is the survival rate for patients without metastases?

<p>70% (B)</p>
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Which liposarcoma subtype closely resembles lipoma but has a few spindle or stellate cells with hyperchromatic atypical nuclei and a high recurrence rate?

<p>Well-differentiated lipoma-like liposarcoma (B)</p>
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In which age group is the peak incidence of liposarcoma?

<p>50-60 years (B)</p>
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What distinguishes pleomorphic liposarcoma from other subtypes?

<p>Poor prognosis and frequent metastases (A)</p>
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Where can leiomyosarcoma be found?

<p>Mesentery, retroperitoneal space, skin, and wall of large veins (C)</p>
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Which characteristic is an indication of malignancy in leiomyoma?

<p>Significant cellular pleomorphism (C)</p>
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What type of network of capillaries is seen in myxoid liposarcoma?

<p>&quot;Chickenwire&quot; network (B)</p>
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Where is the site of subcutaneous tissue lipoma typically found?

<p>Head and neck region (B)</p>
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"Early detection, proper techniques of diagnosis, and treatment can dramatically improve the chances of survival". Which statement best supports this claim?

<p>&quot;Survival rate for patients without metastases is approximately 70%&quot; (B)</p>
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Which type of liposarcoma has small undifferentiated mesenchymal cells ad lipoblast set in a myxoid stroma?

<p>Myxoid liposarcoma (D)</p>
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