RCT Study Design and Confounding in Observational Studies
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RCT Study Design and Confounding in Observational Studies

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of using a pre-randomization run-in period in a clinical trial?

  • To increase the duration of the study
  • To introduce a placebo or active drug
  • To maintain blinding and maximize compliance (correct)
  • To reduce the sample size

    • What is a major advantage of a randomized cross-over design?

  • It takes shorter duration than parallel-group studies
  • It requires a larger sample size
  • Each subject acts as his or her own control (correct)
  • It is more expensive than parallel-group studies

    • Why should non-randomized and non-controlled trials be avoided?

  • Because they are time-consuming
  • Because they require a larger sample size
  • Because of the increased likelihood of bias and confounding (correct)
  • Because they are expensive

    • What is a characteristic of a quasi-experimental design?

    <p>Participants are assigned to a study condition using a nonrandom but systematic procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of an RCT design?

    <p>It has high internal validity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a drawback of an RCT design?

    <p>It is time- and energy-intensive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of concealment in an RCT?

    <p>To reduce selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of an RCT?

    <p>It cannot be used for rare outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key methodological component of an RCT?

    <p>Both use of a control condition and random assignment of participants to conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is random assignment of participants to conditions important in an RCT?

    <p>To reduce selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

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