RCSI CAN5: Anti-cancer Agents I Course Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which stage of tumor growth is characterized by cells that are no longer capable of cell division?

  • Stage C (correct)
  • Stage D
  • Stage B
  • Stage A

    • Which class of cytotoxic drugs acts by interfering with the biosynthesis of DNA and RNA?

  • Alkylating agents
  • Antimetabolites (correct)
  • Cytotoxic antibiotics
  • Plant alkaloids/microtubule inhibitors

    • Which enzyme does Methotrexate (MTX) inhibit in the folate metabolism pathway?

  • Purine biosynthesis enzyme
  • Tetrahydrofolate (THF) synthase
  • Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) (correct)
  • Methylene-THF reductase

    • What is the primary mechanism of action of Folate Antagonists like Methotrexate (MTX)?

    <p>Inhibiting folic acid metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cytotoxic drug class is structurally related to endogenous compounds in nucleic acid synthesis?

    <p>Antimetabolites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of tumor growth involves cells that are resting but capable of division?

    <p>Stage B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main classes of classical anticancer drugs described in the text?

    <p>Antimetabolites, Alkylating agents, Cytotoxic antibiotics, Plant alkaloids/microtubule inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of ideal chemotherapy drugs according to the text?

    <p>To target the malignant cells specifically and spare host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rationale for targeting the cell cycle/proliferation in classical chemotherapy?

    <p>The cell cycle in cancer cells is often de-regulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach to eliminating cancer involves the systemic or targeted use of drugs?

    <p>Chemotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key feature that makes ideal chemotherapy drugs different from classical cytotoxics?

    <p>They spare normal, rapidly proliferating cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is chemotherapy increasingly used in combination with surgery or radiation?

    <p>To target different aspects of cancer treatment simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in exerting its anticancer effects?

    <p>Inhibition of thymidylate synthase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for converting 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) into its active metabolites?

    <p>Dihydrofolate reductase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of thymidylate synthase in DNA synthesis and repair?

    <p>Convert deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) into deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a purine analogue used as a nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor?

    <p>Capecitabine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of inhibiting thymidylate synthase in cells treated with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)?

    <p>Impaired DNA synthesis and repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are purine and pyrimidine analogues used as nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors?

    <p>To form false RNA or DNA that hinders replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Vinca alkaloids vincristine and vinblastine act to inhibit cell division?

    <p>Prevent spindle formation during mitosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a common cause of failed therapy when using cytotoxic drugs?

    <p>Primary drug resistance during the initial treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Taxanes like Paclitaxel in interfering with cell division?

    <p>Prevent spindle formation during metaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do resistant cells gain a selective advantage over sensitive cells during drug treatment?

    <p>By increasing the target enzyme concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a mechanism of acquired drug resistance due to mutation in tumour cells?

    <p>Increased utilization of alternative metabolic pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does Docetaxel interfere with mitosis to inhibit cell division?

    <p>By increasing the concentration of a specific target enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of cytotoxic drugs includes 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cytarabine (ara-C)?

    <p>Antimetabolites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of methotrexate?

    <p>Inhibition of thymidylate synthase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is considered an alkylating-like agent?

    <p>Cisplatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of cytotoxic drugs includes anthracyclines like doxorubicin?

    <p>Cytotoxic antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary target of vinca alkaloids such as vincristine?

    <p>Microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug inhibits DNA synthesis by acting as a folate antagonist?

    <p>Methotrexate</p> Signup and view all the answers

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