Discipline and Ideas in Social Sciences-First Semester (2nd Periodical Exam)
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Questions and Answers

According to rational choice theory, individuals are motivated by their ___________ and are driven by ____________.

  • instincts, survival
  • beliefs, societal norms
  • emotions, personal desires
  • wants, goals (correct)

    • The rationality assumption assumes that individuals are expected to be ____________ actors making rational choices based on ________________ to achieve the best results for themselves and their self-interests.

  • emotional, personal desires
  • irrational, societal norms
  • rational, rational choice theory (correct)
  • instinctive, survival instincts

    • According to rational choice theory, individuals must anticipate the outcomes of alternative courses of action and calculate which action will be best for ___________.

  • their family
  • their friends
  • society
  • themselves (correct)

    • Rational choice theory argues that all social action can be seen as ____________ motivated, however much it may appear to be irrational.

    <p>rationally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to methodological individualism, the elementary unit of social life is _____________.

    <p>individual human action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which criminological theories have integrated rational choice theory and its assumptions about human behavior?

    <p>Deterrence, situational crime prevention, and routine activity theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What resources are individuals motivated by according to rational choice theory?

    <p>Time, information, approval, and prestige</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes rational choice theory from other forms of theory?

    <p>It denies the existence of any kind of action other than purely rational and calculative actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does methodological individualism argue about the elementary unit of social life?

    <p>It is individual human action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, individuals choose the course of action that is likely to give them the greatest ___________.

    <p>Satisfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what motivates individuals to make choices?

    <p>Their wants and goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the belief of rational choice theory regarding the nature of social action?

    <p>All social action is fundamentally rational</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which perspective has rational choice theory been integrated into within criminological theories?

    <p>Deterrence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What resources are exchanged in human interactions according to rational choice theory?

    <p>Time, information, approval, and prestige</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key element in rational choice theory regarding the nature of action?

    <p>All action is fundamentally rational</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, individuals are motivated by their ___________ and are driven by ____________.

    <p>Needs; Desires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what distinguishes it from other forms of theory?

    <p>It denies the existence of any kind of action other than purely rational and calculative actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what is the key element regarding the nature of action?

    <p>All action is fundamentally 'rational' in character.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to methodological individualism, what is the elementary unit of social life?

    <p>Individual human action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what resources are exchanged in human interactions?

    <p>Time, information, approval, and prestige</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what is the key element in explaining social change and social institutions?

    <p>Individual actions and interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what is the fundamental assumption about human behavior?

    <p>Individuals are rational actors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what are individuals motivated by?

    <p>Their wants and goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what distinguishes it from other forms of theory?

    <p>Denial of any kind of action other than rational and calculative actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what is the belief about the nature of action?

    <p>All action is fundamentally rational</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what is the fundamental assumption about human behavior?

    <p>Human behavior is driven by personal desires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to methodological individualism, what is the elementary unit of social life?

    <p>Individual human action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what distinguishes it from other forms of theory?

    <p>It denies the existence of any kind of action other than rational and calculative actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what resources are exchanged in human interactions?

    <p>Time, information, approval, and prestige</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to rational choice theory, what motivates individuals to make choices?

    <p>Personal desires and goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following effects is caused by the use of graffiti and aerosols?

    <p>Promotion of global warming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do modern-day, CFC-free aerosol sprays emit that can contribute to asthma?

    <p>Volatile organic compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the dangers of using and throwing away chemicals used in graffiti?

    <p>Destruction of the ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the negative environmental impacts of graffiti and aerosols?

    <p>Increase in disease vectors and promotion of global warming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main ingredient that causes asthma and is contributed by modern-day aerosol sprays?

    <p>Ground-level ozone levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a negative effect of the use of graffiti and aerosols?

    <p>Increased levels of ground-level ozone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the dangers associated with using and throwing away chemicals used in graffiti?

    <p>Damage to the ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main environmental impact of modern-day, CFC-free aerosol sprays?

    <p>Emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of disease vectors multiplying due to hiding and breeding grounds provided by graffiti?

    <p>Spreading diseases to animals and humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of graffiti and aerosols on the environment?

    <p>Poisonous and harmful</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a negative effect of graffiti and aerosols on the environment?

    <p>Increased air pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of using and throwing away chemicals used in graffiti?

    <p>Destruction of the ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do modern-day, CFC-free aerosol sprays emit that can contribute to ground-level ozone levels?

    <p>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main ingredient that causes asthma and is contributed by modern-day aerosol sprays?

    <p>Ground-level ozone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the negative impacts of using graffiti and aerosols on the environment?

    <p>Promotion of global warming</p> Signup and view all the answers

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