30 Questions
What is the primary function of a radionuclide in a gamma camera?
To emit gamma rays to signal its location
What type of camera is used to detect gamma photons?
Gamma camera
What is the purpose of a collimator in a gamma camera?
To delineate the image from the patient
What is the function of a scintillation crystal in a gamma camera?
To convert gamma rays into optical light
What is the name of the radionuclide that emits 141keV gamma rays?
99mTc
What is the purpose of a light guide in a gamma camera?
To guide light from the scintillation crystal to the photomultiplier tube
What is the purpose of automated synthesis device for PET tracers' production?
To prepare radiopharmaceuticals
What is tested for to ensure radionuclide purity?
Contamination with 99Mo
What is the purpose of radiopharmaceutical quality control?
To ensure the safety of the patient and staff
What is used to test for chemical purity of a radiopharmaceutical?
Spot colour test
What is the ideal function of a radiopharmaceutical in planar imaging?
To concentrate in the organ or tissues of interest
What is the purpose of a dose calibrator?
To measure the activity of a radiopharmaceutical
What is the range of thickness for scintillators used in medical imaging?
6 to 12.5 mm
What is the purpose of the photomultiplier tube (PMT) in gamma detection?
To detect and convert optical photons into an electrical signal
What happens when gamma photons interact with the scintillation crystal?
The energy is absorbed and converted to visible optical photons
What is the peak wavelength of optical photons transmitted by the NaI scintillator?
415 nm
What is the relationship between the electric current and detected optical photons in a PMT?
Directly proportional
What is the purpose of the dynodes in a photomultiplier tube (PMT)?
To amplify the electric current
What is the purpose of the focusing electrode in a photomultiplier tube?
To direct photoelectrons towards the first dynode
What happens when primary electrons collide with the first dynode surface?
More electrons are liberated from the dynode surface
What is the end result of the cascade procedure in a photomultiplier tube?
Electrons are collected at the anode
What is the purpose of a gamma camera?
To detect gamma photons and form a gamma image
What is the result of scattered gamma photons in a gamma image?
Increased image noise
What is the formation of a gamma image based on?
A true mapping of the targeted region
What is the purpose of using a dual- or triple-headed camera in SPECT?
To halve image acquisition time or improve sensitivity
Why is an elliptical orbit sometimes used in SPECT?
To minimize the gap between the collimator and the patient
What is the benefit of using dedicated equipment with multiple gamma cameras in SPECT?
Improved sensitivity
How can SPECT studies be presented?
Either as a series of slices or as a three-dimensional display
What is the advantage of rotating the 3-D display of SPECT studies on the computer screen?
Reducing image noise
What is one of the major uses of SPECT?
Thallium studies of myocardial infarctions and ischaemia
Learn about the preparation and quality control of radiopharmaceuticals, including the use of automated synthesis devices and testing for radionuclide purity. Understand the importance of reducing radiation exposure to staff and ensuring the quality of PET tracers.
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