Radiopharmaceuticals and PET Tracers

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What is the primary function of a radionuclide in a gamma camera?

To emit gamma rays to signal its location (correct)
To produce an image of the radioactive distribution
To convert gamma rays into optical light
To absorb gamma rays

What type of camera is used to detect gamma photons?

X-ray camera
Digital camera
Gamma camera (correct)
PET camera

What is the purpose of a collimator in a gamma camera?

To delineate the image from the patient (correct)
To focus gamma rays
To detect gamma photons
To absorb gamma rays

What is the function of a scintillation crystal in a gamma camera?

To convert gamma rays into optical light (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the radionuclide that emits 141keV gamma rays?

99mTc (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a light guide in a gamma camera?

To guide light from the scintillation crystal to the photomultiplier tube (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of automated synthesis device for PET tracers' production?

To prepare radiopharmaceuticals (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is tested for to ensure radionuclide purity?

Contamination with 99Mo (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of radiopharmaceutical quality control?

To ensure the safety of the patient and staff (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is used to test for chemical purity of a radiopharmaceutical?

Spot colour test (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal function of a radiopharmaceutical in planar imaging?

To concentrate in the organ or tissues of interest (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a dose calibrator?

To measure the activity of a radiopharmaceutical (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of thickness for scintillators used in medical imaging?

6 to 12.5 mm (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the photomultiplier tube (PMT) in gamma detection?

To detect and convert optical photons into an electrical signal (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when gamma photons interact with the scintillation crystal?

The energy is absorbed and converted to visible optical photons (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the peak wavelength of optical photons transmitted by the NaI scintillator?

415 nm (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the electric current and detected optical photons in a PMT?

Directly proportional (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the dynodes in a photomultiplier tube (PMT)?

To amplify the electric current (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the focusing electrode in a photomultiplier tube?

To direct photoelectrons towards the first dynode (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when primary electrons collide with the first dynode surface?

More electrons are liberated from the dynode surface (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the end result of the cascade procedure in a photomultiplier tube?

Electrons are collected at the anode (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a gamma camera?

To detect gamma photons and form a gamma image (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of scattered gamma photons in a gamma image?

Increased image noise (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formation of a gamma image based on?

A true mapping of the targeted region (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a dual- or triple-headed camera in SPECT?

To halve image acquisition time or improve sensitivity (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is an elliptical orbit sometimes used in SPECT?

To minimize the gap between the collimator and the patient (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using dedicated equipment with multiple gamma cameras in SPECT?

Improved sensitivity (D) Signup and view all the answers

How can SPECT studies be presented?

Either as a series of slices or as a three-dimensional display (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of rotating the 3-D display of SPECT studies on the computer screen?

Reducing image noise (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the major uses of SPECT?

Thallium studies of myocardial infarctions and ischaemia (C) Signup and view all the answers