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Questions and Answers
What effect does an increase in milliamps (mA) or exposure time have on the number of x-rays produced?
What effect does an increase in milliamps (mA) or exposure time have on the number of x-rays produced?
What happens when kVp is increased in the production of x-rays?
What happens when kVp is increased in the production of x-rays?
Which factor leads to a decrease in image density when x-raying an object?
Which factor leads to a decrease in image density when x-raying an object?
What is the main cause of scattered radiation in a material when interacting with x-ray or gamma photons?
What is the main cause of scattered radiation in a material when interacting with x-ray or gamma photons?
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Which type of grid removes scatter radiation reaching the detector, improving image contrast but increasing patient's exposure to radiation?
Which type of grid removes scatter radiation reaching the detector, improving image contrast but increasing patient's exposure to radiation?
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What is the most likely cause of coughing in a dog with myxomatous mitral valve disease?
What is the most likely cause of coughing in a dog with myxomatous mitral valve disease?
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What is the purpose of collimation in radiographic imaging?
What is the purpose of collimation in radiographic imaging?
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Where is the cough center located in the brain?
Where is the cough center located in the brain?
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What is the main difference between computed radiography (CR) and digital radiography (DR)?
What is the main difference between computed radiography (CR) and digital radiography (DR)?
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Which parameter is calculated by subtracting the right ventricle stroke volume from the left ventricle stroke volume?
Which parameter is calculated by subtracting the right ventricle stroke volume from the left ventricle stroke volume?
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Why is anaesthesia used when obtaining radiographic images of conscious animals?
Why is anaesthesia used when obtaining radiographic images of conscious animals?
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What is the primary route of administration for the vaccine against Bordetella bronchiseptica?
What is the primary route of administration for the vaccine against Bordetella bronchiseptica?
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What is one of the risks associated with restraining conscious animals during x-rays?
What is one of the risks associated with restraining conscious animals during x-rays?
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Where on the thoracic wall can the tricuspid valve be heard most clearly in a dog?
Where on the thoracic wall can the tricuspid valve be heard most clearly in a dog?
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Why should no humans be present in a room while radiation is being carried out?
Why should no humans be present in a room while radiation is being carried out?
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What type of energy do gamma rays possess?
What type of energy do gamma rays possess?
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What effect do X-rays have on most objects, including the body?
What effect do X-rays have on most objects, including the body?
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Where are medical x-rays used to generate images?
Where are medical x-rays used to generate images?
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Which parameter measures how much blood the left ventricle pumps out with each contraction?
Which parameter measures how much blood the left ventricle pumps out with each contraction?
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What is the primary control over cough provided by higher brain centers (e.g., cerebral cortex)?
What is the primary control over cough provided by higher brain centers (e.g., cerebral cortex)?
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Which of the following best describes the Calgary Cambridge Model?
Which of the following best describes the Calgary Cambridge Model?
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What is the distinction between a clinical syndrome and a discrete disease process?
What is the distinction between a clinical syndrome and a discrete disease process?
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What does pathology study in relation to disease?
What does pathology study in relation to disease?
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What is the role of the mitral valve in the heart?
What is the role of the mitral valve in the heart?
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How does myxomatous mitral valve disease affect blood flow through the heart?
How does myxomatous mitral valve disease affect blood flow through the heart?
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What does MMVD stand for in relation to heart disease?
What does MMVD stand for in relation to heart disease?
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What is the potential consequence of a thrombus in the arteries supplying the brain?
What is the potential consequence of a thrombus in the arteries supplying the brain?
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According to Virchow's triad, what factor predisposes a person to develop vascular thrombosis?
According to Virchow's triad, what factor predisposes a person to develop vascular thrombosis?
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What is the significance of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) according to the Frank-Starling Law?
What is the significance of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) according to the Frank-Starling Law?
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What is pulse deficit and what could cause it according to the provided information?
What is pulse deficit and what could cause it according to the provided information?
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What is Mendel's principle of inheritance regarding genetic characteristics?
What is Mendel's principle of inheritance regarding genetic characteristics?
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What does it mean if an organism is described as heterozygous according to Mendel's laws?
What does it mean if an organism is described as heterozygous according to Mendel's laws?
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How does a thrombus contribute to chronic venous insufficiency?
How does a thrombus contribute to chronic venous insufficiency?
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What does Virchow's triad postulate as factors predisposing a person to develop vascular thrombosis?
What does Virchow's triad postulate as factors predisposing a person to develop vascular thrombosis?
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What factor contributes to the heart's physiological ability to change its contraction force according to the Frank-Starling Law?
What factor contributes to the heart's physiological ability to change its contraction force according to the Frank-Starling Law?
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What is the potential consequence of a thrombus obstructing blood flow to an organ or tissue?
What is the potential consequence of a thrombus obstructing blood flow to an organ or tissue?
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What is pulse deficit?
What is pulse deficit?
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Why do premature cardiac contractions result in pulse deficits according to the Frank-Starling Law?
Why do premature cardiac contractions result in pulse deficits according to the Frank-Starling Law?
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What does Mendel's principle of inheritance state?
What does Mendel's principle of inheritance state?
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Explain the difference between the terms 'congenital' and 'inherited'.
Explain the difference between the terms 'congenital' and 'inherited'.
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What is a thrombus?
What is a thrombus?
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According to Virchow's triad, what can predispose a person to develop vascular thrombosis?
According to Virchow's triad, what can predispose a person to develop vascular thrombosis?
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What are the consequences of a thrombus?
What are the consequences of a thrombus?
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Where does aortic trifurcation occur?
Where does aortic trifurcation occur?
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What is the main function of external iliac arteries?
What is the main function of external iliac arteries?
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What does Virchow's triad postulate as factors predisposing a person to develop vascular thrombosis?
What does Virchow's triad postulate as factors predisposing a person to develop vascular thrombosis?
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What is a pulse deficit?
What is a pulse deficit?
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According to the Frank-Starling Law, why do premature ventricular contractions result in pulse deficits?
According to the Frank-Starling Law, why do premature ventricular contractions result in pulse deficits?
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What is the significance of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) according to the Frank-Starling Law?
What is the significance of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) according to the Frank-Starling Law?
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What is Mendel's principle of inheritance regarding genetic characteristics?
What is Mendel's principle of inheritance regarding genetic characteristics?
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What is the main difference between 'congenital' and 'inherited'?
What is the main difference between 'congenital' and 'inherited'?
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What does Virchow's triad postulate as factors predisposing a person to develop vascular thrombosis?
What does Virchow's triad postulate as factors predisposing a person to develop vascular thrombosis?
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What is a thrombus?
What is a thrombus?
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What are the consequences of a thrombus?
What are the consequences of a thrombus?
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What does it mean if an organism is described as heterozygous according to Mendel's laws?
What does it mean if an organism is described as heterozygous according to Mendel's laws?
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What is thrombus predisposition according to Virchow's triad?
What is thrombus predisposition according to Virchow's triad?
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Describe the effect of increasing kVp on the image contrast in radiographic imaging.
Describe the effect of increasing kVp on the image contrast in radiographic imaging.
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Explain the process of Compton scattering and its impact on radiographic imaging.
Explain the process of Compton scattering and its impact on radiographic imaging.
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What is the main purpose of collimation in radiographic imaging?
What is the main purpose of collimation in radiographic imaging?
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Differentiate between Computed Radiography (CR) and Digital Radiography (DR) in terms of image acquisition and availability.
Differentiate between Computed Radiography (CR) and Digital Radiography (DR) in terms of image acquisition and availability.
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Explain the difficulties in obtaining radiographic images of diagnostic quality in conscious animals.
Explain the difficulties in obtaining radiographic images of diagnostic quality in conscious animals.
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Describe the structure and use of anti-scatter grids in radiographic imaging.
Describe the structure and use of anti-scatter grids in radiographic imaging.
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Explain the impact of increasing milliamps (mA) or exposure time on the number of x-rays produced and the resulting image density.
Explain the impact of increasing milliamps (mA) or exposure time on the number of x-rays produced and the resulting image density.
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Discuss the interaction of x-ray photons with matter and the significance of their energy in penetrating objects.
Discuss the interaction of x-ray photons with matter and the significance of their energy in penetrating objects.
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Explain the impact of a greater distance between the x-ray machine and the object being x-rayed on the resulting image density.
Explain the impact of a greater distance between the x-ray machine and the object being x-rayed on the resulting image density.
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Describe the impact of thicker objects on the absorption of x-ray photons and the resulting image density.
Describe the impact of thicker objects on the absorption of x-ray photons and the resulting image density.
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How does the Calgary Cambridge Model aim to develop a consultation?
How does the Calgary Cambridge Model aim to develop a consultation?
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Define a clinical syndrome.
Define a clinical syndrome.
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Explain the difference between a clinical syndrome and a discrete disease process.
Explain the difference between a clinical syndrome and a discrete disease process.
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What is the role of the mitral valve in the heart?
What is the role of the mitral valve in the heart?
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Explain the effects of myxomatous mitral valve disease on blood flow through the heart.
Explain the effects of myxomatous mitral valve disease on blood flow through the heart.
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What does MMVD stand for in relation to heart disease?
What does MMVD stand for in relation to heart disease?
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Define a disease process.
Define a disease process.
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Explain the potential consequence of a thrombus obstructing blood flow to an organ or tissue.
Explain the potential consequence of a thrombus obstructing blood flow to an organ or tissue.
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What are the consequences of a thrombus?
What are the consequences of a thrombus?
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What is the most likely cause of coughing in a dog with myxomatous mitral valve disease?
What is the most likely cause of coughing in a dog with myxomatous mitral valve disease?
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What is the most likely cause of coughing in a dog with myxomatous mitral valve disease?
What is the most likely cause of coughing in a dog with myxomatous mitral valve disease?
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Describe the neurological pathways responsible for coughing.
Describe the neurological pathways responsible for coughing.
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Define stroke volume and ejection fraction.
Define stroke volume and ejection fraction.
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What are the common causative agents for Kennel Cough? Identify available vaccines and routes of administration.
What are the common causative agents for Kennel Cough? Identify available vaccines and routes of administration.
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Discuss the properties of X- and gamma-rays.
Discuss the properties of X- and gamma-rays.
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Where on the thoracic wall can each heart valve be heard most clearly in a dog?
Where on the thoracic wall can each heart valve be heard most clearly in a dog?
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How would you manage a dog with suspected kennel cough in a hospital environment?
How would you manage a dog with suspected kennel cough in a hospital environment?
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Identify the user-defined controls on an X-ray machine and explain how these may affect the emergent X-ray beam and the resultant image.
Identify the user-defined controls on an X-ray machine and explain how these may affect the emergent X-ray beam and the resultant image.
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Discuss the impact of myxomatous mitral valve disease on blood flow through the heart.
Discuss the impact of myxomatous mitral valve disease on blood flow through the heart.
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List the properties of X- and gamma-rays.
List the properties of X- and gamma-rays.
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Define pulse deficit and explain why premature cardiac contractions result in pulse deficits according to the Frank-Starling Law.
Define pulse deficit and explain why premature cardiac contractions result in pulse deficits according to the Frank-Starling Law.
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Describe the anatomy of the aortic trifurcation and its significance.
Describe the anatomy of the aortic trifurcation and its significance.
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Explain Mendel's principle of inheritance and its implications.
Explain Mendel's principle of inheritance and its implications.
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Differentiate between the terms 'congenital' and 'inherited' in the context of genetic traits.
Differentiate between the terms 'congenital' and 'inherited' in the context of genetic traits.
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Define 'thrombus', outline factors predisposing to its formation (Virchow's triad), and describe its consequences.
Define 'thrombus', outline factors predisposing to its formation (Virchow's triad), and describe its consequences.
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Explain the impact of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) on pulse deficits according to the Frank-Starling Law.
Explain the impact of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) on pulse deficits according to the Frank-Starling Law.
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Discuss Mendel's laws of inheritance and their implications for genetic characteristics.
Discuss Mendel's laws of inheritance and their implications for genetic characteristics.
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Elaborate on the significance of Virchow's triad in predisposing individuals to develop vascular thrombosis, and describe the consequences of thrombus formation.
Elaborate on the significance of Virchow's triad in predisposing individuals to develop vascular thrombosis, and describe the consequences of thrombus formation.
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Explain the concept of pulse deficit and its association with premature cardiac contractions according to the Frank-Starling Law.
Explain the concept of pulse deficit and its association with premature cardiac contractions according to the Frank-Starling Law.
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Describe Mendel's principle of inheritance and its implications for genetic traits and characteristics.
Describe Mendel's principle of inheritance and its implications for genetic traits and characteristics.
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Define 'pulse deficit' according to the provided information.
Define 'pulse deficit' according to the provided information.
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Explain the impact of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) on pulse deficits according to the Frank-Starling Law.
Explain the impact of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) on pulse deficits according to the Frank-Starling Law.
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Describe Mendel's principle of inheritance.
Describe Mendel's principle of inheritance.
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Differentiate between the terms 'congenital' and 'inherited'.
Differentiate between the terms 'congenital' and 'inherited'.
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Define 'thrombus' and outline factors predisposing to its formation (Virchow's triad).
Define 'thrombus' and outline factors predisposing to its formation (Virchow's triad).
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What are the consequences of a thrombus?
What are the consequences of a thrombus?
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What is the anatomy of the aortic trifurcation?
What is the anatomy of the aortic trifurcation?
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Explain Mendel's law of dominance and uniformity.
Explain Mendel's law of dominance and uniformity.
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What is the Frank-Starling Law and how does it relate to pulse deficits?
What is the Frank-Starling Law and how does it relate to pulse deficits?
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What is pulse deficit and what could cause it according to the provided information?
What is pulse deficit and what could cause it according to the provided information?
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