Radiography Essentials and Patient Safety

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Questions and Answers

What is the addition of the filtration within the x-ray tube designed to block?

Low energy from reaching the patient

What type of personal dosimeter uses aluminum oxide as the absorbing material?

OSL - Optical Stimulable Luminescent Dosimeter

What effect does adding more half value layer (HVL) have on the quality of the x-ray beam?

Increased quality

The part of the lung that rests on the diaphragm is termed the?

Base Signup and view all the answers

What is the portion of the lung that extends superior to the level of the clavicle called?

Apex (Apices) Signup and view all the answers

According to the American Hospital AHA patient care partnership, which of the following are rights of the patients? (Select all that apply)

To know if a student is performing radiographic exams Signup and view all the answers

What is the error called when a radiograph is acquired with a source to image distance (SID) that is not appropriate for the grid?

Off Focused error Signup and view all the answers

What emergency medication can be administered intravenously if a patient develops pulmonary edema after administration of contrast media?

Lasix Signup and view all the answers

Benadryl is administered for?

Hives / allergic reaction Signup and view all the answers

Atropine is administered for?

Hypotension Signup and view all the answers

Epinephrine is administered for?

Hypotension with tachycardia, diffuse erythema, bronchospasm, laryngeal edema, or unresponsive patient Signup and view all the answers

A medical x-ray tube must include aluminum equivalent filtration equal to a minimum of?

2.5 mm Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct medical abbreviation for 'as desired'?

Ad lib Signup and view all the answers

Prn means?

As needed Signup and view all the answers

Which following components are required for an infection to survive and to be transmitted? (Select all that apply)

A favorable environment for microorganisms to grow Signup and view all the answers

Why is lead the most effective material in protective barriers?

Its high atomic number allows for greater absorption of radiation than other materials Signup and view all the answers

What is the CR entrance point for an ERECT AP abdomen projection?

Mid sagittal plane, 2 inches superior to the level of crest Signup and view all the answers

Walls that are considered to be secondary barriers should be?

0.8 mm of lead thickness and be 2.1 meters (7 feet tall) Signup and view all the answers

What is peristalsis?

Rhythmic contractile waves which propel material through a tubular organ Signup and view all the answers

What is the annual effective dose limit for a radiographer?

50 Millisieverts (mSv) Signup and view all the answers

When is it acceptable for a radiographer to stand in the path of the primary beam?

False Signup and view all the answers

For informed consent to be considered legal, which of the following conditions must be met? (Select all that apply)

Legal age Signup and view all the answers

What is paralanguage?

Term that relates to the sound of speech rather than the content of the spoken message Signup and view all the answers

How can paralanguage be used to improve the quality of communication with one's patient?

Make sure to speak distinctly when giving instruction for positioning Signup and view all the answers

Which projection best demonstrates the zygapophyseal joints of the cervical spine?

Lateral Signup and view all the answers

What layer of the computed radiography CR imaging plate captures and stores x-ray photons transmitted through the patient?

Phosphor layer Signup and view all the answers

Leaving patient billing statements in the open is a violation of HIPAA.

True Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

X-Ray Filtration and Patient Safety

Filtration in x-ray tubes blocks low-energy rays to protect patients from unnecessary exposure.
Medical x-ray tubes require a minimum aluminum equivalent filtration of 2.5 mm.

Dosimetry and Radiation Protection

Optical Stimulable Luminescent Dosimeter (OSL) uses aluminum oxide for measuring radiation exposure.
The annual effective dose limit for a radiographer is set at 50 millisieverts (mSv).

X-Ray Beam Quality

Increasing the half value layer (HVL) enhances the quality of the x-ray beam.

Lung Anatomy

The lung's base rests on the diaphragm, while the apex extends above the clavicle.

Patient Rights Under AHA Partnership

Patients are entitled to high-quality care, a safe environment, privacy protection, and assistance with billing.
They should also be informed about students conducting exams and the risks and benefits of treatments.

Radiographic Equipment and Errors

Off-focused error occurs when the source to image distance (SID) used is not compatible with the grid design (e.g., 42 inches instead of a recommended 50-72 inches).

Emergency Medications

Lasix is used for treating pulmonary edema when conservative treatments fail.
Benadryl is used for allergic reactions and hives.
Atropine is administered for hypotension and bradycardia.
Epinephrine is indicated for severe hypotension with tachycardia and other severe allergic reactions.

Infection Transmission

Infection requires a pathogen, a favorable environment for growth, and methods of transmission either exogenous or endogenous.

Protective Barriers in Radiology

Protective walls classified as secondary barriers must have a lead thickness of 0.8 mm and stand 2.1 meters (7 feet) high to block leakage and scatter radiation.
Lead is the most effective material for protective barriers due to its high atomic number.

Radiographic Procedures

The central ray (CR) for an erect AP abdomen projection is positioned at the mid-sagittal plane, 2 inches above the iliac crest.
The lateral projection is optimal for visualizing the zygapophyseal joints of the cervical spine.

Informed consent requires the patient to be mentally competent, of legal age, voluntarily consenting, and adequately informed about the procedure.

Communication Skills in Radiology

Paralanguage refers to the vocal aspects of communication, including speech tone and volume, which can enhance interaction quality with patients.
Clear, distinct speech is crucial for giving effective instructions for patient positioning.

Privacy Violations

Leaving patient billing statements exposed constitutes a violation of HIPAA regulations.

Imaging Technology

The phosphor layer of the computed radiography (CR) imaging plate captures and stores x-ray photons that pass through the patient.

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Description

This quiz covers important aspects of radiography including x-ray filtration, dosimetry, lung anatomy, and patient rights. It emphasizes the importance of patient safety, the quality of x-ray beams, and the regulatory standards that protect patients and medical staff. Test your knowledge on these critical topics related to radiographic practices.