Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a common clinical sign of left-sided congestive heart failure?
Which of the following is a common clinical sign of left-sided congestive heart failure?
- Bradycardia
- Tachypnea (correct)
- Hypotension
- Chest pain
Why is it important to understand the information provided by diagnostic tests in acute congestive heart failure?
Why is it important to understand the information provided by diagnostic tests in acute congestive heart failure?
- To reduce patient vulnerability to stress
- To avoid unnecessary testing
- To guide therapy in the early phase of patient management (correct)
- To improve patient compliance with treatment
What does elevation of left atrial pressure lead to in left-sided congestive heart failure?
What does elevation of left atrial pressure lead to in left-sided congestive heart failure?
- Increase in gaseous exchange
- Extravasation of fluid into the systemic circulation
- Decrease in pulmonary venous pressure
- Disruption of Starling's forces across the pulmonary capillary (correct)
What is the diagnostic challenge presented by a patient in acute congestive heart failure?
What is the diagnostic challenge presented by a patient in acute congestive heart failure?
What is the primary effect of disruption of Starling's forces across the pulmonary capillary in left-sided congestive heart failure?
What is the primary effect of disruption of Starling's forces across the pulmonary capillary in left-sided congestive heart failure?
Which diagnostic test is discussed in detail in the article about acute congestive heart failure?
Which diagnostic test is discussed in detail in the article about acute congestive heart failure?
Which radiographic view should right ventricular enlargement be suspected on if the distance from an imaginary line drawn from the carina to the apex to the cranial border of the cardiac silhouette is greater than 2.5 times the distance from the same imaginary line to the caudal border?
Which radiographic view should right ventricular enlargement be suspected on if the distance from an imaginary line drawn from the carina to the apex to the cranial border of the cardiac silhouette is greater than 2.5 times the distance from the same imaginary line to the caudal border?
What supporting evidence of right ventricular enlargement includes dorsal displacement of the apex from the sternum and shift of the contact point between the heart silhouette and the sternum cranially?
What supporting evidence of right ventricular enlargement includes dorsal displacement of the apex from the sternum and shift of the contact point between the heart silhouette and the sternum cranially?
What might be seen on the dorsoventral view if right ventricular enlargement is present?
What might be seen on the dorsoventral view if right ventricular enlargement is present?
What may be displaced on the lateral chest radiograph if right atrial enlargement and right ventricular enlargement are present?
What may be displaced on the lateral chest radiograph if right atrial enlargement and right ventricular enlargement are present?
What might cause a bulge in the 8 to 12 o'clock position on the ventrodorsal film?
What might cause a bulge in the 8 to 12 o'clock position on the ventrodorsal film?
What may cause a right axis deviation on the ECG if present?
What may cause a right axis deviation on the ECG if present?
What is identified as a beat-to-beat variation in the complex amplitude of the R wave, Q wave, S wave, or T wave, if present?
What is identified as a beat-to-beat variation in the complex amplitude of the R wave, Q wave, S wave, or T wave, if present?
Which imaging modality is best for assessing pericardial effusion before pericardiocentesis?
Which imaging modality is best for assessing pericardial effusion before pericardiocentesis?
What are the therapeutic goals stated for managing acute CHF?
What are the therapeutic goals stated for managing acute CHF?
Which approach to pericardiocentesis carries a slightly greater risk for coronary artery damage but less chance of confusion about needle placement if the left ventricle is inadvertently punctured?
Which approach to pericardiocentesis carries a slightly greater risk for coronary artery damage but less chance of confusion about needle placement if the left ventricle is inadvertently punctured?
Which approach to pericardiocentesis carries less risk of coronary damage but more risk of confusion if the right ventricle is inadvertently punctured?
Which approach to pericardiocentesis carries less risk of coronary damage but more risk of confusion if the right ventricle is inadvertently punctured?
What is the purpose of having a current packed cell volume (PCV) on the patient during pericardiocentesis?
What is the purpose of having a current packed cell volume (PCV) on the patient during pericardiocentesis?
What is typically done to the catheter during preparation for pericardiocentesis?
What is typically done to the catheter during preparation for pericardiocentesis?
What should be done once the flash of port-wine-colored fluid is seen in the needle and extension set during pericardiocentesis?
What should be done once the flash of port-wine-colored fluid is seen in the needle and extension set during pericardiocentesis?
What precaution should be taken to prevent burring of the catheter as it penetrates the tough subcuticular tissue during pericardiocentesis?
What precaution should be taken to prevent burring of the catheter as it penetrates the tough subcuticular tissue during pericardiocentesis?
What should be evaluated in initial samples of the fluid obtained during pericardiocentesis?
What should be evaluated in initial samples of the fluid obtained during pericardiocentesis?
How should an inadvertent ventricular puncture during pericardiocentesis be confirmed?
How should an inadvertent ventricular puncture during pericardiocentesis be confirmed?
What is recommended if cardiac output is severely compromised in a patient with cardiac tamponade?
What is recommended if cardiac output is severely compromised in a patient with cardiac tamponade?
What may paradoxically occur if filling pressures are increased in a patient showing signs of right heart failure?
What may paradoxically occur if filling pressures are increased in a patient showing signs of right heart failure?
What may result from systolic dysfunction causing diminished cardiac output?
What may result from systolic dysfunction causing diminished cardiac output?
What occurs with diastolic dysfunction?
What occurs with diastolic dysfunction?
What is a major cause of systolic dysfunction?
What is a major cause of systolic dysfunction?
What management approach is recommended for low-output cardiac failure caused by diastolic dysfunction?
What management approach is recommended for low-output cardiac failure caused by diastolic dysfunction?
What is the diagnostic test of choice to provide a definitive diagnosis of the underlying cardiac disease?
What is the diagnostic test of choice to provide a definitive diagnosis of the underlying cardiac disease?
Which test will help confirm the diagnosis of valve disease as the cause of a murmur in a coughing small breed dog?
Which test will help confirm the diagnosis of valve disease as the cause of a murmur in a coughing small breed dog?
What characteristic is electrocardiographically suggestive of a symptomatic diagnosis of left-sided congestive heart failure?
What characteristic is electrocardiographically suggestive of a symptomatic diagnosis of left-sided congestive heart failure?
Which pharmacological intervention is aimed at reducing both preload and afterload in acute congestive heart failure?
Which pharmacological intervention is aimed at reducing both preload and afterload in acute congestive heart failure?
What is a characteristic clinical sign related to right-sided congestive heart failure?
What is a characteristic clinical sign related to right-sided congestive heart failure?
Which assessment is difficult unless invasive techniques that assess pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) are used?
Which assessment is difficult unless invasive techniques that assess pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) are used?
What should be paid careful attention to when examining a patient with suspected right-sided congestive heart failure?
What should be paid careful attention to when examining a patient with suspected right-sided congestive heart failure?
What is suggested by the presence of pulses paradoxus in any patient presenting with right heart failure?
What is suggested by the presence of pulses paradoxus in any patient presenting with right heart failure?
'Ballotment' will confirm the presence of what in a patient with right-sided congestive heart failure?
'Ballotment' will confirm the presence of what in a patient with right-sided congestive heart failure?
Which imaging modality is best for assessing pericardial effusion before pericardiocentesis?
Which imaging modality is best for assessing pericardial effusion before pericardiocentesis?
What should be done once the flash of port-wine-colored fluid is seen in the needle and extension set during pericardiocentesis?
What should be done once the flash of port-wine-colored fluid is seen in the needle and extension set during pericardiocentesis?
What is the cardinal clinical sign associated with left heart failure?
What is the cardinal clinical sign associated with left heart failure?
Which diagnostic test is the test of choice for establishing a diagnosis of left-sided congestive heart failure?
Which diagnostic test is the test of choice for establishing a diagnosis of left-sided congestive heart failure?
What might be heard on auscultation in animals with cardiogenic pulmonary edema?
What might be heard on auscultation in animals with cardiogenic pulmonary edema?
What is the primary cause of right-sided congestive heart failure?
What is the primary cause of right-sided congestive heart failure?
Which drug is not listed in the formulary of drugs used in the emergency management of heart failure?
Which drug is not listed in the formulary of drugs used in the emergency management of heart failure?
What characteristic may help differentiate pulmonary edema from pneumonia on radiographs?
What characteristic may help differentiate pulmonary edema from pneumonia on radiographs?
Which drug is recommended for oral administration in the emergency management of heart failure?
Which drug is recommended for oral administration in the emergency management of heart failure?
What common clinical sign is usually observed in cats with cardiogenic pulmonary edema?
What common clinical sign is usually observed in cats with cardiogenic pulmonary edema?
What may be seen radiographically in dogs with concurrent airway and valvular disease?
What may be seen radiographically in dogs with concurrent airway and valvular disease?
What might be heard on auscultation in animals with severe LCHF?
What might be heard on auscultation in animals with severe LCHF?
What is the diagnostic challenge presented by a patient in acute congestive heart failure?
What is the diagnostic challenge presented by a patient in acute congestive heart failure?
What characteristic radiographic findings are associated with left-sided congestive heart failure?
What characteristic radiographic findings are associated with left-sided congestive heart failure?
Which clinical signs may indicate concurrent low-output failure in animals presenting with congestive heart failure?
Which clinical signs may indicate concurrent low-output failure in animals presenting with congestive heart failure?
Which diagnostic tests are typically used for assessing animals with low output failure?
Which diagnostic tests are typically used for assessing animals with low output failure?
What is the appropriate therapeutic intervention for systolic dysfunction causing a fall in cardiac output?
What is the appropriate therapeutic intervention for systolic dysfunction causing a fall in cardiac output?
In which cardiovascular disease does left CHF occur initially, followed by low-output failure in the end stages or after the rupture of cordae tendineae?
In which cardiovascular disease does left CHF occur initially, followed by low-output failure in the end stages or after the rupture of cordae tendineae?
What type of low-output failure occurs concurrently with dilated cardiomyopathy?
What type of low-output failure occurs concurrently with dilated cardiomyopathy?
Which pharmacological intervention is used for diastolic dysfunction caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
Which pharmacological intervention is used for diastolic dysfunction caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What type of low-output failure occurs in heartworm disease?
What type of low-output failure occurs in heartworm disease?
Which cardiovascular disease is associated with extracardiac diastolic dysfunction causing low-output failure?
Which cardiovascular disease is associated with extracardiac diastolic dysfunction causing low-output failure?
Which intervention is appropriate for extracardiac causes of diastolic dysfunction, such as pericardial effusion?
Which intervention is appropriate for extracardiac causes of diastolic dysfunction, such as pericardial effusion?
What should be secured once the patient is stable enough to undergo further diagnostic testing for long-term management and prognosis assessment?
What should be secured once the patient is stable enough to undergo further diagnostic testing for long-term management and prognosis assessment?
What is the most appropriate therapeutic goal in low-output failure?
What is the most appropriate therapeutic goal in low-output failure?
