Radiographic Contrast in Digital Imaging
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Questions and Answers

What does high contrast in radiography refer to?

  • A digital histogram
  • A static image
  • Few gray tones with a higher difference between densities (correct)
  • Many shades of gray

    • Low contrast images have a narrow exposure latitude.

    False

    What is the primary function of contrast in radiography?

    To make the detail visible

    The computer uses a technique called _______ to correct exposure areas in digital radiography.

    <p>Automatic Rescaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Density = Receptor exposure measurement Low contrast = Many shades of gray High contrast = Few gray tones Exposure latitude = Range of acceptable exposures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a radiographic quality?

    <p>Color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before digital radiography, images were static and could not be manipulated post-processing.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a LUT in digital radiography?

    <p>Lookup Table</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary controlling factor for subject contrast?

    <p>Kilovoltage Peak (kVp)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Look Up Table (LUT) can be altered by moving the area of focus.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a narrow window width in windowing lead to regarding contrast?

    <p>Increased contrast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The differential absorption of tissues affects the overall __________ in radiography.

    <p>contrast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What relationship exists between window width and contrast?

    <p>Inverse relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>kVp = Controls the energy of electrons released from the cathode Subject Contrast = Range of differences in intensity after tissue attenuation LUT = Applies standard contrast for a selected exam Windowing = Manipulates brightness and contrast post-processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Subject contrast can be manipulated with post-processing techniques.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the energy of photons when the kVp is increased?

    <p>Photon energy increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Radiographic Contrast

    • The difference between two or more densities or receptor exposures (REs)
    • Makes detail visible
    • Higher contrast = more black and white, few shades of gray
    • Lower contrast = more shades of gray, less black and white
    • Both images have the same RE but different contrast

    High Contrast

    • Short scale or increased contrast
    • Narrow exposure latitude (less margin for error)

    Low Contrast

    • Long scale or decreased contrast
    • Wide exposure latitude (more margin for error)

    Factors In Controlling Contrast

    • The computer controls contrast in digital radiography by making changes as needed
    • Digital radiography
      • X-rays strike the image receptor (IR)
      • X-rays are converted to electronic signals and sent to the computer
      • The computer creates a digital histogram (raw data)
      • The appropriate look up table (LUT) is selected for processing
      • The computer combines the LUT with the existing histogram and corrects exposure areas
      • This is called automatic rescaling
      • Each pixel is part of a matrix that can be manipulated for brightness and contrast
      • Each pixel changes its brightness and contrast in post-processing because of bit depth

    Histogram & LUT

    • Assesses the range and quantity of image receptor exposures in the image matrix
    • The LUT is applied to the data
    • Provides the proper grayscale for display
    • The amount of data is controlled by exposure
    • The detector cannot discriminate whether the exposure was kVp or mAs
    • The only thing that matters is the exposure to pixels.

    Windowing (Post Processing)

    • Window width controls contrast expansion or compression
    • Narrow window = increased contrast
    • Wide window = decreased contrast

    Subject Contrast

    • This is the range of differences in the intensity of the x-ray beam after it has been attenuated by the patient
    • Cannot be manipulated with post-processing, it is directly influenced by tissue attenuation

    Differential Absorption

    • The characteristics that make a radiograph unique
    • Controlled by subject contrast
    • Different tissues absorb differently depending on patient size and shape

    Kilovoltage Peak (kVp)

    • The primary controlling factor for subject contrast
    • Inverse relationship exists between kVp and subject contrast
    • High kVp:
      • Results in low or long scale contrast
      • More shades of gray
    • Low kVp:
      • Results in high or short scale contrast
      • Fewer shades of gray

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    Description

    This quiz covers the principles of radiographic contrast, focusing on the differences between high and low contrast images. Understand how computer controls influence contrast in digital radiography and the factors that contribute to image clarity and detail. Test your knowledge on exposure latitude and image receptor techniques used in this field.

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