Radiobiology and Radiation Protection (MEDI 305) - Lecture Three: Cellular Biology

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Questions and Answers

What is the process called when cells develop into functionally different organs?

  • Cell replication
  • Cell division
  • Cell specialization (correct)
  • Cell quiescence

Which type of cells are almost sacs filled with oxygen carrier haemoglobin and do not contain a nucleus?

  • Red cells (correct)
  • Liver cells
  • Neurons
  • Muscle cells

What is the function of dendrites in neurons?

  • To transmit electrical signals (correct)
  • To help contraction
  • To carry oxygen
  • To undertake metabolic activities

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication and cell division occur?

<p>S phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the phase called when a cell exits from the cycle due to unfavorable growth conditions?

<p>Quiescent phase (G0) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells are biochemically very active to undertake metabolic activities?

<p>Liver cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of proteins in a cell?

<p>Endoplasmic Reticulum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell division occurs in the somatic cells and results in two genetically identical daughter cells?

<p>Mitosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What maintains the shape of the cell and helps to anchor organelles in place?

<p>Cytoskeleton (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of molecule makes up the majority of the cell membrane?

<p>Lipids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell actively express its genes?

<p>G1 Phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cell membrane?

<p>Maintains the integrity of the cell and protects it from external invasion by foreign bodies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the function of mitochondria?

<p>Principal source of cellular energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the cytoplasm primarily contain?

<p>Various organelles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the phospholipid bilayer in the cell membrane?

<p>Provides a barrier that is impermeable to most water-soluble molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process occurs in mitochondria and is responsible for producing ATP?

<p>Oxidative phosphorylation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a function of the lysosomes?

<p>Synthesize proteins for cellular functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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