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Questions and Answers
The linear absorption coefficient (𝜇) is determined through the absorption law of Gamma radiation.
The linear absorption coefficient (𝜇) is determined through the absorption law of Gamma radiation.
True
The equation 𝑰 = 𝑰𝟎 𝒆−𝝁𝒙 is used to calculate the intensity of radiation after passing through an absorber.
The equation 𝑰 = 𝑰𝟎 𝒆−𝝁𝒙 is used to calculate the intensity of radiation after passing through an absorber.
True
The half value layer (HVL) is defined as the thickness that increases the initial intensity by half.
The half value layer (HVL) is defined as the thickness that increases the initial intensity by half.
False
The mass absorption coefficient (µm) can be found using the formula µm = μ × ρ.
The mass absorption coefficient (µm) can be found using the formula µm = μ × ρ.
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The factors affecting the linear and mass absorption coefficients include Atomic Number, Density, and Thickness.
The factors affecting the linear and mass absorption coefficients include Atomic Number, Density, and Thickness.
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To determine the half value thickness (𝑿𝟏 𝟐), the equation 𝑿𝟏 𝟐 = ln (2)/ 𝜇 is used.
To determine the half value thickness (𝑿𝟏 𝟐), the equation 𝑿𝟏 𝟐 = ln (2)/ 𝜇 is used.
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Gamma radiation is primarily attenuated through capture by electrons in the material.
Gamma radiation is primarily attenuated through capture by electrons in the material.
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The experiment utilizes a GM Tube and stand as part of its apparatus.
The experiment utilizes a GM Tube and stand as part of its apparatus.
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Study Notes
Radiation Physics - Practical Experiment
- Experiment Title: Linear and Mass Absorption Coefficients
- Objective 1: Verify absorption law of Gamma radiation
-
Objective 2: Determine:
- Linear absorption coefficient (µ)
- Mass absorption coefficient (µm)
- Half-value thickness of the absorbing material (X1/2)
Apparatus
- Gamma radiation source holder
- GM Tube assembly (including counter box, power supply, transformer, and USB cable)
- Adjustable shelf stand
- Absorbing materials (e.g., Aluminum, Lead)
- Figure 1 (likely a diagram of the setup)
Theory
-
Gamma radiation passing through matter loses intensity due to Compton, photoelectric, and pair production interactions.
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Intensity (I) reduction follows an exponential relationship: I = I0e-µx
- I0: Initial intensity of the beam
- I: Intensity transmitted through the absorber of thickness x
- µ: Linear absorption coefficient of the absorbing material
-
The half-value layer (HVL) or X1/2, is the thickness required to reduce the initial intensity by half (I = I0/2)
-
Formula for half-value thickness: X1/2 = ln(2)/µ = 0.693/µ
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Mass absorption coefficient (µm) is a useful parameter calculated as µm = µ/ρ, where ρ is the material density
Procedure
- Connect the electrical mains
- Set timer to 60s and voltage to 380V
- Record the background count rate (IBG)
- Place the source in front of the GM tube
- Record the initial count rate (I0)
- Insert an absorbing material (e.g., Aluminum)
- Measure the count rate through the absorbing material,(I1 and I2) -Calculate the average count rate ( Iavg)
- Repeat steps 6 and 7 with increasing thicknesses of Aluminum and Lead absorbing materials
- Plot a graph of ln(I0/I) vs thickness (X), a straight line validates the absorption law
- Calculate the slope of the graph, which equals the linear absorption coefficient (µ)
- Calculate the mass absorption coefficient (µm)
- Plot a graph of I vs X to determine Half Value Thickness (X1/2) graphically.
- Calculate the HVT theoretically using X1/2 = 0.693/µ
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Description
This quiz focuses on the practical experiment related to linear and mass absorption coefficients in gamma radiation. It covers the verification of the absorption law, determination of key parameters, and the theoretical background behind radiation interaction with matter. Engage with concepts such as half-value thickness and intensity reduction.
