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Questions and Answers
What is the equivalent of 1 a.m.u in electronvolts (eV)?
What is the equivalent of 1 a.m.u in electronvolts (eV)?
What is nuclear binding energy a measure of?
What is nuclear binding energy a measure of?
Which force is responsible for the mass defect and nuclear binding energy?
Which force is responsible for the mass defect and nuclear binding energy?
What happens when an unstable nucleus decays to a more stable state?
What happens when an unstable nucleus decays to a more stable state?
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What does the mass defect in a nucleus result from?
What does the mass defect in a nucleus result from?
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What type of decay involves one neutron transforming into one proton, one electron, and one antineutrino?
What type of decay involves one neutron transforming into one proton, one electron, and one antineutrino?
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What determines the stability of the nucleus?
What determines the stability of the nucleus?
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What is released when nuclear binding energy saturates for high atomic number elements?
What is released when nuclear binding energy saturates for high atomic number elements?
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What is the measure of stability indicated by the nuclear binding energy per nucleon for 6028Ni?
What is the measure of stability indicated by the nuclear binding energy per nucleon for 6028Ni?
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What type of decay involves the emission of a positron?
What type of decay involves the emission of a positron?
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Which decay process involves the emission of two protons and two neutrons from a nucleus?
Which decay process involves the emission of two protons and two neutrons from a nucleus?
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What is the measure of the time it takes for half of the atoms in a given sample to decay?
What is the measure of the time it takes for half of the atoms in a given sample to decay?
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Which radioactive isotope is unstable due to the presence of an excess neutron?
Which radioactive isotope is unstable due to the presence of an excess neutron?
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What is the alternative decay method for nuclei where the condition (N/Z< stable condition) is satisfied?
What is the alternative decay method for nuclei where the condition (N/Z< stable condition) is satisfied?
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What is the unit used to measure the disintegration rate of a radioactive sample?
What is the unit used to measure the disintegration rate of a radioactive sample?
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Which type of decay occurs when a nucleus has fewer neutrons than the stable condition?
Which type of decay occurs when a nucleus has fewer neutrons than the stable condition?
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What is the unit used to measure radioactive activity, where 1 Bq equals one radioactive decay per second?
What is the unit used to measure radioactive activity, where 1 Bq equals one radioactive decay per second?
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Which decay process involves an electron combining with a proton, producing a neutron and a neutrino?
Which decay process involves an electron combining with a proton, producing a neutron and a neutrino?
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$39 MeV$ and $41Ar$ have energies of $2.5 MeV$ and $1.29 MeV$ respectively. What is the difference in their energies?
$39 MeV$ and $41Ar$ have energies of $2.5 MeV$ and $1.29 MeV$ respectively. What is the difference in their energies?
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What is the measure of the mass difference (Δm) between the nuclei of isotopes X and Y calculated using their atomic masses?
What is the measure of the mass difference (Δm) between the nuclei of isotopes X and Y calculated using their atomic masses?
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Study Notes
- Negatron and antineutrino have different energies: 39 MeV (negatron) and 41Ar (antineutrino) have energies of 2.5 MeV and 1.29 MeV respectively.
- Mass difference (Δm) between the nuclei of two isotopes (X and Y) can be calculated using the difference between their atomic masses.
- Positron emission, also known as β+ decay, occurs when a nucleus has fewer neutrons than the stable condition. One proton transforms into a neutron, a positron, and a neutrino.
- Electron capture is an alternative decay method for nuclei where the condition (N/Z< stable condition) is satisfied. An electron combines with a proton, producing a neutron and a neutrino.
- Alpha decay involves the emission of two protons and two neutrons from a nucleus.
- Mass defects in nuclear reactions are a result of the difference between the before and after masses of the reactants.
- Half-life is a measure of the time it takes for half of the atoms in a given sample to decay.
- Radioactive activity can be measured in Becquerels (Bq) or Curies (Ci), with 1 Bq equal to one radioactive decay per second and 1 Ci equal to 3.7 x 10^10 decays per second.
- Nuclear medicine uses radioactive isotopes for imaging and therapeutic purposes, and their activity is measured in terms of their half-life and decay constant.
- 137 Cesium is a radioactive isotope due to the presence of an excess neutron, making its nucleus unstable.
- The disintegration rate (λ) for 231Pa is 0.2 x 10^-5 1/year, and after 6.5 x 10^4 years, the activity of a 20 mCi sample would be approximately 5 mCi.
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Description
Test your knowledge of radiation biophysics with this quiz covering properties of nuclei, nuclear forces, binding energy, instability, disintegration, radioactivity, and half-life. Learn about the characteristics of the nucleus, including atomic number, neutron number, and mass number.
