Radiation and Mutagens in Biology

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Questions and Answers

What is the order of penetrating power among alpha particles, beta particles, and neutrons?

  • Neutrons > beta particles > alpha particles
  • Alpha particles > beta particles > neutrons
  • Beta particles > alpha particles > neutrons (correct)
  • Neutrons > alpha particles > beta particles

What type of agents cause the loss of the amino group?

  • Base Analogs
  • Alpha particles
  • Deaminating agents (correct)
  • Neutrons

What is the process by which horizontally-transferred DNA is retained in the recipient?

  • Horizontal Gene Transfer
  • Vertical Gene Transfer
  • Recombination (correct)
  • Gene Mutation

What is the result of DNA damage caused by sub-atomic particles?

<p>Double strand break in DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of gene transfer where genetic material is passed down through generations?

<p>Vertical Gene Transfer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Base Analogs in DNA replication?

<p>To incorporate into DNA in place of normal bases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of horizontal gene transfer among bacteria?

<p>Transfer of genetic information between non-descendant cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism of horizontal gene transfer requires cell-to-cell contact?

<p>Conjugation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between vertical and horizontal gene transfer?

<p>Descendant vs non-descendant cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of antibiotic resistance resulting from horizontal gene transfer?

<p>Multiple drug resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of recombination in transformation?

<p>Integrating exogenous DNA into the recipient's genome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the F plasmid in conjugation?

<p>Mediating DNA transfer from donor to recipient (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pilus allows for specific pairing of donor and recipient cells in conjugation?

<p>F-encoded (sex) pilus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between generalized and specialized transduction?

<p>The section of the host genome affected (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In conjugation, what is the role of the F-encoded (sex) pilus?

<p>To allow for the transfer of genetic material (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of gene transfer in transduction?

<p>Bacterial virus carrying genetic material (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of generalized transduction?

<p>It can transfer DNA from any portion of the host genome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of transferring genetic material from one bacterium to another?

<p>Horizontal gene transfer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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