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Questions and Answers
What does conflict transformation primarily focus on?
What does conflict transformation primarily focus on?
Which of the following is NOT a type of conflict transformation?
Which of the following is NOT a type of conflict transformation?
Which phrase best describes the goal of conflict resolution?
Which phrase best describes the goal of conflict resolution?
What is an essential condition for reducing prejudice according to Gordon Allport?
What is an essential condition for reducing prejudice according to Gordon Allport?
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What aspect does conflict management primarily address?
What aspect does conflict management primarily address?
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In the documentary 'my so-called enemy', what is a key theme highlighted?
In the documentary 'my so-called enemy', what is a key theme highlighted?
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Fiona Li's 'Map the System' project emphasizes the analysis of what?
Fiona Li's 'Map the System' project emphasizes the analysis of what?
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Which characteristic defines relationship-based conflict transformation?
Which characteristic defines relationship-based conflict transformation?
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What principle does justice emphasize when treating individuals?
What principle does justice emphasize when treating individuals?
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What is primarily emphasized by restorative justice?
What is primarily emphasized by restorative justice?
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How does justice strive to treat all members of society?
How does justice strive to treat all members of society?
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Which aspect of justice relates closely to the legal system?
Which aspect of justice relates closely to the legal system?
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What does the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) outline?
What does the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) outline?
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What does Rawls' concept of 'veil of ignorance' encourage?
What does Rawls' concept of 'veil of ignorance' encourage?
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Which type of justice focuses on equity and systemic change?
Which type of justice focuses on equity and systemic change?
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What is NOT a key aspect of justice?
What is NOT a key aspect of justice?
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What is the primary focus of the Web Approach to conflict transformation?
What is the primary focus of the Web Approach to conflict transformation?
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Which type of conflict occurs within an individual?
Which type of conflict occurs within an individual?
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What role do key actors play in the Web Approach?
What role do key actors play in the Web Approach?
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Which condition for effective conflict reduction emphasizes the importance of participants being seen as equals?
Which condition for effective conflict reduction emphasizes the importance of participants being seen as equals?
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Which type of conflict is characterized by disputes occurring between nations?
Which type of conflict is characterized by disputes occurring between nations?
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What does Shared Authority primarily enhance in conflict resolution processes?
What does Shared Authority primarily enhance in conflict resolution processes?
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How does the Web Approach adapt to modern environments?
How does the Web Approach adapt to modern environments?
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What metaphor does Leanne Betasamosake Simpson use to represent sustainability and cultural vitality?
What metaphor does Leanne Betasamosake Simpson use to represent sustainability and cultural vitality?
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In 'Borders' by Thomas King, what identity does the mother insist on?
In 'Borders' by Thomas King, what identity does the mother insist on?
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What is a critical aspect of resolving conflicts within the Web Approach?
What is a critical aspect of resolving conflicts within the Web Approach?
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Why is justice important in the context of conflict transformation?
Why is justice important in the context of conflict transformation?
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Which aspect is crucial of Intergroup Cooperation in reducing prejudice?
Which aspect is crucial of Intergroup Cooperation in reducing prejudice?
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Resource-based conflicts may arise due to which of the following factors?
Resource-based conflicts may arise due to which of the following factors?
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What does the Web Approach aim to build for long-term peace?
What does the Web Approach aim to build for long-term peace?
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What is the main theme explored in 'What Would You Wear at a Cocktail Party?'?
What is the main theme explored in 'What Would You Wear at a Cocktail Party?'?
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What does the presence of authority support in conflict resolution imply?
What does the presence of authority support in conflict resolution imply?
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What principle is described by letting the means chosen by adversaries undermine themselves?
What principle is described by letting the means chosen by adversaries undermine themselves?
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Which of the following is NOT a role of art in peacebuilding?
Which of the following is NOT a role of art in peacebuilding?
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What does the film 'Pride' primarily explore?
What does the film 'Pride' primarily explore?
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How does art contribute to the emotional engagement in peacebuilding?
How does art contribute to the emotional engagement in peacebuilding?
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What is a key benefit of storytelling in the context of peacebuilding?
What is a key benefit of storytelling in the context of peacebuilding?
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In the context of art as a peacebuilding tool, what does 'creating spaces for reflection' allow for?
In the context of art as a peacebuilding tool, what does 'creating spaces for reflection' allow for?
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What was the initial reaction of the Welsh mining community to the LGBTQ+ activists in 'Pride'?
What was the initial reaction of the Welsh mining community to the LGBTQ+ activists in 'Pride'?
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Which of the following best represents the emotional weight of violent conflicts as discussed in the context of art?
Which of the following best represents the emotional weight of violent conflicts as discussed in the context of art?
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What does the term 'scarcity' refer to in the context of human resources?
What does the term 'scarcity' refer to in the context of human resources?
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What is the key difference between pragmatic and principled nonviolence?
What is the key difference between pragmatic and principled nonviolence?
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Which of the following best captures the essence of the 'harmony of means and ends' principle?
Which of the following best captures the essence of the 'harmony of means and ends' principle?
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What role does interconnectivity play in the context of global issues?
What role does interconnectivity play in the context of global issues?
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What is meant by 'slow violence' in the context of environmental issues?
What is meant by 'slow violence' in the context of environmental issues?
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What does consent theory of power suggest?
What does consent theory of power suggest?
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What is the primary focus of nonviolent action as described?
What is the primary focus of nonviolent action as described?
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Why is it important to study nonviolence according to the provided discussion?
Why is it important to study nonviolence according to the provided discussion?
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Flashcards
Conflict Transformation
Conflict Transformation
A process of moving beyond simply resolving conflict to fundamentally changing its nature, making it more constructive and beneficial.
Conflict Resolution
Conflict Resolution
The process of finding a solution to a conflict that satisfies all parties involved.
What is the difference between Conflict Resolution and Conflict Transformation?
What is the difference between Conflict Resolution and Conflict Transformation?
Conflict resolution aims to end a conflict, while conflict transformation aims to change the nature of the conflict, making it more productive and less destructive. Conflict resolution focuses on the immediate issue, while conflict transformation focuses on the underlying causes.
Contact Hypothesis
Contact Hypothesis
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What are the four conditions for successful contact under the Contact Hypothesis?
What are the four conditions for successful contact under the Contact Hypothesis?
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Systemic Conflict Analysis
Systemic Conflict Analysis
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Map the System Project
Map the System Project
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Analyzing Conflict Through Film
Analyzing Conflict Through Film
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Conflict Analysis
Conflict Analysis
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Intrapersonal Conflict
Intrapersonal Conflict
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Intergroup Conflict
Intergroup Conflict
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Web Approach
Web Approach
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Key Actors
Key Actors
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Strengthening Connections
Strengthening Connections
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Human Rights
Human Rights
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Justice
Justice
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Scarcity
Scarcity
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Interconnectivity
Interconnectivity
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Slow Violence
Slow Violence
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Nonviolent Action
Nonviolent Action
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Pragmatic Nonviolence
Pragmatic Nonviolence
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Principled Nonviolence
Principled Nonviolence
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Consent Theory of Power
Consent Theory of Power
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What is justice?
What is justice?
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Fairness and Impartiality
Fairness and Impartiality
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Equality in Justice
Equality in Justice
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Rule of Law and Justice
Rule of Law and Justice
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Moral Righteousness in Justice
Moral Righteousness in Justice
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What is restorative justice?
What is restorative justice?
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What is the 'veil of ignorance'?
What is the 'veil of ignorance'?
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What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
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Contact Theory
Contact Theory
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Shared Authority
Shared Authority
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Equal Status
Equal Status
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Resource-Based Conflict
Resource-Based Conflict
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Abundance
Abundance
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Inequality
Inequality
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Motive
Motive
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Moral Jiu-Jitsu
Moral Jiu-Jitsu
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How Art Can Be Used in Peacebuilding
How Art Can Be Used in Peacebuilding
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Role of Art in Addressing Trauma
Role of Art in Addressing Trauma
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Pride Movie Themes
Pride Movie Themes
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LGSM (Lesbians and Gays Support the Miners)
LGSM (Lesbians and Gays Support the Miners)
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Art as a Warning
Art as a Warning
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Art as a Symbol of Peace
Art as a Symbol of Peace
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Art as a Tool for Storytelling and Giving Voice
Art as a Tool for Storytelling and Giving Voice
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Study Notes
Week 2: What is Peace? What is Peace Not?
- Violence is defined as harm or degradation, violating the integrity of a living being or system. It's an act or condition that injures and damages.
- Violence is categorized as direct, structural, and cultural.
- Direct violence involves a clear actor and victim with obvious harmful actions. Examples are war, genocide, ethnic cleansing, murder, and rape.
- Structural violence is harm caused by social systems, indirect and impersonal.
- Cultural violence is beliefs and attitudes that justify, affirm, or encourage direct or structural violence.
- Violence exists at different levels:
- Macro level: Large groups harming other large groups (wars, revolutions).
- Meso level: Mid-sized groups harming each other (ethnic, sectarian violence).
- Micro level: individuals or small groups harming others (fights, murder, intimate partner violence).
- Intrapersonal: individuals harming themselves (substance abuse, suicide).
- Negative peace is the absence of direct violence.
- Positive peace is the presence of conditions that favour human well-being and addresses the root causes of destructive conflict.
- Violence can be inflicted psychologically, mentally, culturally, economically, spiritually, or physically.
Week 3: The Many and Varied Roles of Social Identity
- Intersectionality (Kimberlé Crenshaw, 1989) is a framework for understanding how various social and political identities (gender, caste, sex, race, ethnicity, class, sexuality, religion, disability) combine to create unique experiences of discrimination and privilege.
- Interlocking systems of power impact marginalized groups in society.
Week 4: Principles and Values of Making Peace
- Core values are beliefs about what's most important in life.
- Core values guide decision-making and behavior, particularly in challenges.
- Peacebuilding uses values to:
- Build shared understanding
- Motivate peace work
- Address root causes of conflict
- Build trust & relationships
- Promote social cohesion
- Provide legitimacy
- Key Values in Peacebuilding (PACS 101): Empathy/Humility, Open-mindedness/Inclusivity, Solidarity, Respect, Non-violence, Self-awareness.
Week 5: Learning and Unlearning: Truth and Reconciliation in the Canadian Context?
- The Haldimand Tract is a land area in southern Ontario granted to the Six Nations of the Iroquois in 1784, but much was later taken through unfair means. The dispute remains an issue in reconciliation.
- The 94 Calls to Action by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada address the legacy of residential schools' impact on Indigenous peoples.
Week 6: Building Relationships in the Shadows of Violence
- Conflict resolution aims to resolve or manage conflict.
- Conflict transformation aims to move from destructive conflict to creative conflict.
Week 7: Analyzing Conflict
- "My So-Called Enemy" is a documentary about Palestinian and Israeli teenagers who participate in a peace-building camp in the US to explore deeply-rooted differences.
- Fiona Li's Map the System project emphasizes understanding systemic roots of social issues.
- Types of conflict include intrapersonal, interpersonal, intragroup, intergroup, intrastate, and interstate.
Week 8: Conflict Transformation
- The Web Approach to conflict transformation focuses on strengthening connections between key actors across divides to build relationships that withstand conflict pressures.
- Key actors can be individual or organizations across societal levels. Examples include civil society organizations (CSOs).
- The method emphasizes enhancing existing relationships and creating new links, building a web that supports collaboration and understanding.
- Peacebuilders reflect on their roles in the web, using capacities to foster dialogue across conflict divides for collaboration and understanding.
- The approach can adapt to physical and digital spaces using technology to build virtual bridges.
Week 9: Human Rights and Justice
- Justice encompasses fairness, impartiality, equality, rule of law, and moral righteousness.
- Types of justice include criminal, social, and restorative justice.
- Restorative justice prioritizes repairing harm, involving all stakeholders to restore relationships rather than solely punishing offenses.
- Rawls' "veil of ignorance" encourages imagining a just society without personal bias.
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) outlines fundamental rights and freedoms universally applicable to all individuals.
- Human rights are fundamental rights and freedoms for all people regardless of status. Equality, fairness, dignity, and respect are fundamental to human rights.
Week 9: Peace Ecology
- Ken Ogasawara (MCC) emphasized empathy, collaboration, and systemic change for global issues. The presentation focused on interconnectedness and the value of small, community-focused initiatives.
- Scarcity (deprivation) refers to limited essential resources.
- Interconnectivity shows how individuals, communities, systems, and the environment are interdependent.
- Slow violence (Rob Nixon) is gradual, often ignored environmental and systemic harm.
Week 10: Nonviolent Action
- Nonviolent action is a powerful set of principles and practices that has changed world history.
- Nonviolent action actively refuses violence as a means of social change.
- Nonviolence theories include pragmatic (strategic and situational) and principled (ethical commitment).
Week 11: Art and Peace
- Art fosters dialogue, understanding, and healing in peacebuilding.
- Art can memorialize conflicts, challenge oppressive narratives, and inspire social change.
- Art can help acknowledge loss, destruction, and hope, encourage communication, and promote peace.
- Art can be used in various roles to break down barriers, provide emotional engagement and healing, facilitate dialogue, promote understanding, create spaces for reflection, address trauma, foster creativity in peacebuilding, and promote resistance and defiance.
Week 12: Pride Movie Overview
- "Pride" (2014) depicts LGBTQ+ activists supporting striking miners, highlighting solidarity, prejudice, and the power of unity.
- Gordon Allport's Contact Theory suggests that appropriate contact can reduce prejudice and improve conflict. The theory's four conditions for addressing conflict are equal status, common goals, intergroup cooperation, and institutional support.
- Shared authority, equal status, and community are used in various ways in conflict resolution and intervention strategies.
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