Untitled Quiz
33 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the name of the bony structure that forms the front of the chest?

  • Thoracic vertebrae
  • Diaphragm
  • Ribs
  • Sternum (correct)

    • What is the name of the angle formed where the manubrium and body of the sternum meet?

    Manubriosternal angle

    The right lung has two lobes.

    False

    What is the name of the landmark that is often used as a starting point for counting ribs?

    <p>Angle of Louis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

    <p>Diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of extra heart sounds?

    <p>LUBDUBDEE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the sound that is heard when the AV valves close?

    <p>S1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the sound that is heard when the semilunar valves close?

    <p>S2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Murmurs are always a sign of heart disease.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Allen test is used to assess the patency of the carotid arteries.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the condition that is characterized by a sensation of tightness or pressure in the chest?

    <p>Angina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of a heart attack?

    <p>Headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the condition that is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the lungs?

    <p>Pulmonary edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Horman's sign is a positive sign for deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Raynaud's phenomenon is a condition that affects the veins.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the condition that is characterized by the swelling of tissues due to the accumulation of lymph fluid?

    <p>Lymphedema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of arterial insufficiency?

    <p>Edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Venous insufficiency is a condition that is caused by the malfunction of the vein valves.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the condition that is characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin, especially in the hands and feet?

    <p>Acrocyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The lymphatic system is fully developed at birth.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of sputum with their possible causes.

    <p>Clear sputum = Normal mucus production, viral infections, or allergies White or gray sputum = Viral respiratory infections, chronic conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Yellow sputum = Infections caused by viruses or bacteria (e.g., sinusitis, bronchitis, or pneumonia) Green sputum = Bacterial infections, such as pneumonia, bronchiectasis, or a lung abscess Brown or rust-colored sputum = Old blood, bacterial pneumonia, or inhalation of dirt or other particles Pink or blood-tinged sputum = Minor airway irritation, bronchitis, pulmonary embolism, or more severe conditions like tuberculosis, lung cancer, or congestive heart failure Red (bloody) sputum (hemoptysis) = Tuberculosis, lung cancer, pulmonary embolism, trauma, or severe infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arterial insufficiency is a condition that is caused by the narrowing or blockage of arteries.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a normal change in the cardiovascular system that occurs with aging?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Venous insufficiency is a condition that is more common in women than in men.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the condition that is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity?

    <p>Ascites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common sign of peripheral vascular disease?

    <p>Headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The lymphatic system is responsible for filtering waste products and excess fluid from the body.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Swelling in the legs is always a sign of a serious medical condition.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the condition that is characterized by the dilation of veins, often in the legs?

    <p>Varicose veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

    <p>Physical activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the test that is used to assess the patency of the arteries in the arms?

    <p>Allen test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A heart murmur is always a sign of a serious heart condition.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of heart failure?

    <p>Headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Thorax and Lungs

    • The thoracic cage is a bony structure composed of the sternum, 12 pairs of ribs, thoracic vertebrae, and diaphragm.
    • The costo-chondral junction connects the rib cartilage to the sternum.
    • The sternum comprises the manubrium (top), body, and xiphoid process.
    • The manubriosternal angle (sternal angle) is a point where the manubrium and body meet.
    • The costal angle is where the lower margins of the ribs meet at the xiphoid process.
    • The right lung has 3 lobes, and the left lung has 2 lobes.
    • The lungs are not perfectly symmetrical. The right lung is shorter, and the left lung is narrower.
    • Anatomical landmarks are used for identifying respiratory assessment findings. The angle of Louis is a useful starting point for counting ribs.

    Respiratory System

    • During inspiration, the chest size increases, the diaphragm contracts, and air flows into the lungs.
    • The passive phase of expiration occurs when the diaphragm relaxes, becoming dome-shaped, and air flows out.
    • Personal health history should include questions about prior respiratory problems (asthma, COVID, pneumonia), thoracic surgery, allergies, medications, TB exposure, and recent travel outside the US.
    • Family history should include questions about lung diseases (pulmonary disorders) and smoking habits in family members.
    • Healthy lifestyle choices including diet, exercise and avoidance of smoking are important.
    • Environmental exposures and any use of herbal/alternative medications should be documented.

    Inspection

    • Facial expressions, lips, skin color, nailbeds, clubbing, and quality/effort of respirations must be evaluated.
    • Accessory muscles, retractions, shape, configuration, spinous process, downward or upward sloping ribs, and the presence of a 90-degree costal angle are important factors to observe.
    • Sitting or postural positioning (tripod position) should also be assessed.

    Palpation

    • Tenderness, sensation of temperature, presence of crepitus (sounds like rice cakes), masses, and level of chest expansion are palpated for evaluation.

    Percussion

    • Normal lungs produce a clear, hollow resonance sound.
    • Hyperresonance indicates an abnormal increase in air content, while dullness suggests increased density, as occurs with pneumonia.

    Auscultation

    • Listen for normal bronchial, bronchovesicular, and vesicular lung sounds in several locations.
    • Abnormal findings such as wheezes, rales (crackles), stridor, rhonchi, and diminished breath sounds need further evaluation.
    • Additional pulmonary auscultation like bronchophony, egophony, and whispered pectoriloquy are useful for further evaluation.

    Pediatric Lifespan Considerations

    • Chest circumference should be less than head circumference in infants until age 6.
    • Palpation should include encircling the thorax.
    • Respiratory assessments may need adjustments for infants and pregnant women

    Pregnant and Geriatric Considerations

    • Pregnant women may have a wider thoracic cage and deeper, faster breathing.
    • Geriatric individuals may have a barrel chest.
    • Geriatrics tend to tire easily.
    • Chest expansion may be decreased, although still symmetric.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Thorax and Lungs Exam Notes PDF

    More Like This

    Untitled Quiz
    6 questions

    Untitled Quiz

    AdoredHealing avatar
    AdoredHealing
    Untitled Quiz
    37 questions

    Untitled Quiz

    WellReceivedSquirrel7948 avatar
    WellReceivedSquirrel7948
    Untitled Quiz
    18 questions

    Untitled Quiz

    RighteousIguana avatar
    RighteousIguana
    Untitled Quiz
    48 questions

    Untitled Quiz

    StraightforwardStatueOfLiberty avatar
    StraightforwardStatueOfLiberty
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser