9. Fats and oils

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Questions and Answers

What are the three molecules that make up fats and oils?

  • Carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen
  • Carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
  • Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (correct)
  • Carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur

What is the primary cause of rancidity in fats and oils?

  • Oxidation (correct)
  • Hydrolysis
  • Boiling
  • Freezing

What is the PV test used to measure?

  • The amount of fat in a sample
  • The amount of water in a sample
  • The amount of oxygen in a sample
  • The primary products of oxidation (correct)

What is the oxidation of fats and oils responsible for?

<p>Rancidity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fats are found in animal products?

<p>Saturated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of fats?

<p>Saturated and unsaturated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fats are found in olive oil, nuts, and avocados?

<p>Monounsaturated fats (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fats are found in olive oil and avocados?

<p>Monounsaturated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the PV test?

<p>To determine the oxidative status of fats and oils (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of saturated fats on the body?

<p>They can increase the risk of heart disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of saturated fats on the body?

<p>They are unhealthy and can increase the risk of heart disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of unsaturated fats on the body?

<p>They can help reduce the risk of heart disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of refined oils on the body?

<p>They can help increase the risk of heart disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

  • Fats and oils are composed of molecules of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which are insoluble in water.
  • Fats and oils are solid at room temperature and liquid at room temperature.
  • Foods high in saturated fats contain animal fats, coconut oil, palm oil, and other polyunsaturated fats are high in plant oils.
  • Foods high in monounsaturated fats include olive oil, nuts, and avocados.
  • Foods high in polyunsaturated fats include most plant oils, oily fish, nuts, seeds, spreads, and meat.
  • Oxidation of fats and oils is a natural process that leads to the rancidity of lipids.
  • Rancidity is caused by the oxidation of fats and oils to produce a range of compounds, including peroxides and hydroperoxides.
  • Hydrolytic rancidity occurs in the absence of air and is caused by the hydrolysis of fats.
  • Fats and oils are used in cooking and other activities, and can be either saturated or unsaturated.
  • Saturated fats are more easily oxidized than unsaturated fats, and are unhealthy because they can be converted to toxic byproducts.
  • Industry stakeholders put in place measures to minimize the production of unhealthy byproducts.
  • The peroxide value (PV) test is used to measure the primary products of oxidation: peroxides (ROO) and hydroperoxides (ROOH).
  • The PV value can be used to determine the oxidative status of fats and oils.
  • The generation of calibration/standard curves is necessary for PV measurement.
  • Saturated and unsaturated fats are both important for health, but their effects on the body are different.
  • Saturated fats are bad for the heart, and can increase the risk of heart disease, while unsaturated fats are good for the heart.
  • Unsaturated fats are also good for the body's cholesterol levels, and can help reduce the risk of heart disease.
  • Refined oils are bad for the body because they are high in saturated and unsaturated fats, which can increase the risk of heart disease.

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