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Untitled Quiz
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Untitled Quiz

Created by
@AudibleFresno2256

Questions and Answers

Which of the following concepts refers to the diminished sensitivity to a stimulus that occurs due to constant exposure to that stimulus?

  • Absolute threshold
  • Sensory adaptation (correct)
  • Difference threshold
  • Transduction
  • Perceptual set

    • Which of the following is the process of detecting environmental stimuli and converting them into signals that can be detected by the nervous system?

  • Sensation (correct)
  • Top-down processing
  • Perception
  • Difference threshold
  • False alarm

    • Which of the following is the best definition for absolute threshold?

  • The largest change between two stimuli that a person can detect
  • The lowest strength of a stimulus that a person can detect 50% of the time (correct)
  • The highest strength of a stimulus that a person can detect 50% of the time
  • The difference between two stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time
  • The smallest change between two stimuli that a person can detect

    • Which of the following best illustrates the most predictable effect of schemas on perception?

    <p>Grant has more difficulty recognizing a penguin as a bird than he does a blue jay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Orville is talking with his friends at a cafeteria table when suddenly he is distracted by hearing his name at a neighboring table. Orville's shift of attention most clearly illustrates which psychological concept?

    <p>The cocktail party phenomenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Helena did not recognize her English teacher when she unexpectedly saw him while traveling in Paris, even though she knew him well back in the classroom. The fact that Helena can recognize her teacher back home more easily than in Paris best demonstrates what concept?

    <p>Perceptual set</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct order of the eye-to-brain pathway of vision?

    <p>Retina, optic nerve, thalamus, occipital lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the opponent-process theory of color vision?

    <p>Kayla sees afterimages of opposing colors when she stares at a poster for a long time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios is the best example of synesthesia?

    <p>Anastasia sees swirls of color when she hears music because stimulation of one sensory pathway leads to the experience of another sensation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kimmie stood on the sidewalk rather than crossing the street because she saw that the approaching car was quite close to her. Which of the following concepts is best illustrated in this example?

    <p>Depth perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following examples best illustrates the concept of interposition?

    <p>Because the chair partially obscured his view of the sofa, Brendan perceived the chair as being closer than the sofa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bryan perceived a duck instead of other animals when viewing an ambiguous image because he watched a documentary about ducks the previous night. Which of the following best explains why Bryan perceived a duck?

    <p>Top-down processing, because his perception of the duck was influenced by past experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Denise has damaged her auditory nerve and now has difficulty understanding what people are saying. Which of the following descriptions explains how that damage impairs her hearing?

    <p>Sound messages fail to be transmitted directly to the brain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tracey was in pain from an ear infection, which her doctor said was in her inner ear. Which of the following is the most likely location of the infection?

    <p>The cochlea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Marlene had an infection that led to deafness in her left ear. Which of the following will be the most likely impact of losing her hearing in her left ear?

    <p>She will have trouble locating the source of sounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a study on taste, what would researchers need to do to test participants' ability to distinguish umami from similar sensations?

    <p>Place disks soaked in MSG on the participants' tongues. Then replace those disks with disks that have been soaked in water. Compare the participants' reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dr. Ramen recruited 100 adults to participate in her study. The taste buds of each participant were measured, and the participants tasted a number of foods. She found there was a relationship between the size of a participant's taste buds and the number of foods that a participant could taste. What research method did Dr. Ramen use, and what was she most likely studying?

    <p>Correlational; the sensitivity of supertasters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A researcher wants to study the human sense of taste over a lifespan. The researcher has a group of participants taste foods that are salty, bitter, sweet, sour, and umami. Which study would best allow the researcher to test the sensation of taste as people age, and what is the likely outcome?

    <p>The researcher follows the same group of people over the course of 40 years. The researcher also measures the number of the people's taste buds throughout the 40 years. The researcher finds that as people grow older, their sense of taste diminishes and their number of taste buds decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Human tactile sense is actually a mix of which of the following distinct skin senses?

    <p>Pressure, warmth, cold, pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the gate control theory of pain, which of the following contains a neurological gate that controls the transmission of pain messages to the brain?

    <p>The spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following anatomical structures is involved in the vestibular sense?

    <p>Semicircular canals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Sensory Processes and Perception

    • Sensory Adaptation: Refers to the reduced sensitivity to a constant stimulus, allowing individuals to focus on changes in their environment rather than constant factors.
    • Sensation vs. Perception: Sensation is the initial detection of environmental stimuli, converting signals for the nervous system, while perception involves interpreting those signals.

    Visual Perception

    • Absolute Threshold: The minimum intensity of a stimulus detectable 50% of the time by an individual, crucial in determining sensitivity.
    • Schemas and Perception: Schemas influence how we interpret stimuli. For instance, recognizing familiar objects or concepts can shape perception, such as a five-pointed star obscured by another shape.
    • Opponent-Process Theory: In this theory of color vision, prolonged exposure to one color results in an afterimage of its opposing color, demonstrating how color perception can be influenced by previous visual stimuli.

    Attention and Cognitive Processing

    • Cocktail Party Phenomenon: Refers to the ability to focus attention on a specific conversation (e.g., hearing one's name) despite background noise, highlighting selective attention in social environments.
    • Perceptual Set: This concept involves how expectations and previous experiences shape our perception of stimuli, leading to differences in recognition, such as a familiar face seen in an unfamiliar context.

    Sound and Auditory Processing

    • Auditory Nerve Damage: Damage in this area leads to difficulties in sound transmission to the brain, impacting understanding and auditory perception.
    • Inner Ear Infections: Often located in the cochlea, which is linked to issues with hearing and processing sounds.
    • Directional Hearing: Losing hearing in one ear impairs the ability to localize sound sources, emphasizing the importance of binaural hearing for spatial awareness.

    Taste and Taste Sensitivity

    • Umami Sensation: Researchers can test taste sensitivity, especially umami, using distinct taste sources (like broth) while comparing responses to neutral stimuli.
    • Supertasters: Individuals with a higher number of taste buds may have increased sensitivity to flavors, affirming the correlational relationship between taste bud density and taste perception.

    Aging and Sensory Perception

    • Taste Sensitivity Over Time: A longitudinal study shows age-related declines in taste sensitivity and the number of taste buds, suggesting a physiological change as people grow older.

    Tactile and Pain Perception

    • Tactile Sense Components: The tactile sense comprises various skin sensations, including pressure, warmth, cold, and pain, highlighting the complexity of tactile perception.
    • Gate Control Theory of Pain: This theory posits that the spinal cord contains neurological gates managing the flow of pain signals to the brain, influencing how we perceive and respond to pain.

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