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Questions and Answers
What was the main reason why the princely states refused to join the federation proposed in the Act of 1935?
What was the main reason why the princely states refused to join the federation proposed in the Act of 1935?
Why did the Indian National Congress decide to take part in the elections of Provincial legislature under the Act of 1935?
Why did the Indian National Congress decide to take part in the elections of Provincial legislature under the Act of 1935?
What useful work did the Cabinet ministers of the Indian National Congress do when they came to power in eight provinces?
What useful work did the Cabinet ministers of the Indian National Congress do when they came to power in eight provinces?
Why was the Cripps Mission significant during the second world war?
Why was the Cripps Mission significant during the second world war?
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How did the Act of 1935 impact the relationship between British governed provinces and princely states?
How did the Act of 1935 impact the relationship between British governed provinces and princely states?
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What outcome resulted from none of the parties achieving a majority in three provinces during the 1937 elections?
What outcome resulted from none of the parties achieving a majority in three provinces during the 1937 elections?
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Why did Winston Churchill send Sir Stafford Cripps to India in March 1942?
Why did Winston Churchill send Sir Stafford Cripps to India in March 1942?
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Why did the Indian National Congress reject the Cripps Mission proposal?
Why did the Indian National Congress reject the Cripps Mission proposal?
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What event led to the Quit India Movement initiated by the Indian National Congress?
What event led to the Quit India Movement initiated by the Indian National Congress?
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Why did the Muslim League reject the Cripps Mission proposal?
Why did the Muslim League reject the Cripps Mission proposal?
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What was the resolution passed by the Indian National Congress on 14 July 1942 at Wardha demanding?
What was the resolution passed by the Indian National Congress on 14 July 1942 at Wardha demanding?
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Where was the final approval given to the Quit India Resolution proposed by Congress Working Committee at Wardha?
Where was the final approval given to the Quit India Resolution proposed by Congress Working Committee at Wardha?
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Study Notes
The Act of 1935
- The Act made a provision for British-governed Indian provinces and Princely States to form a federation.
- If the Princely States joined the federation, they would lose their autonomy, leading to their refusal to join.
- As a result, the proposal of a federal state in the Act was not brought into practice.
Provincial Cabinets
- The Indian National Congress participated in the elections of Provincial legislature provided by the Act of 1935.
- In 1937, elections were held in eleven provinces, with the Indian National Congress gaining a majority in eight provinces.
- The Cabinet ministers of the Indian National Congress introduced several reforms, including:
- Release of political prisoners from jail.
- Introduction of basic education.
- Prohibition of liquor.
- Measures to improve the condition of the Dalits.
- Act giving debt relief to farmers.
Cripps Mission
- In 1942, Sir Stafford Cripps proposed a plan for India's future, but it was rejected by both the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
- The proposal lacked a clear mention of complete independence, leading to the Congress's rejection.
- The Muslim League rejected the proposal due to the absence of a mention of Pakistan's creation.
Second World War and Indian National Congress
- The Second World War began in Europe in 1939.
- The Viceroy, Lord Linlithgo, declared that India had joined the war on the side of the British.
- The Indian National Congress demanded immediate independence, but England refused to fulfill this demand.
- As a result, the provincial ministers of the Indian National Congress resigned in November 1939.
Quit India Movement
- The Indian National Congress decided to start an intense movement for attaining independence after the Cripps Mission.
- The Working Committee of the Congress passed a resolution on July 14, 1942, at Wardha, demanding immediate independence.
- The resolution warned of a non-violent movement for freedom if the demand was not fulfilled.
- The Quit India Resolution was passed on August 7, 1942, at the Mumbai session of the Indian National Congress.
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Description
Learn about the Quit India Movement, underground movement, and the contribution of the Indian National Army. Understand the provisions of the Act of 1935 which led to the formation of a federation for British governed Indian provinces and Princely States.
