Questionnaire Design Basics
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Questions and Answers

Which type of question is designed to measure the frequency of a particular behavior?

  • Ranking
  • Quantity
  • Category (correct)
  • Rating

    • In a ranking question, what is the purpose of leaving a factor blank?

  • To indicate that the factor is the most important.
  • To skip the question entirely.
  • To indicate that the factor has no importance. (correct)
  • To indicate that the factor is the least important.

    • What kind of scale does a rating question typically use?

  • Nominal
  • Ratio
  • Interval
  • Ordinal (correct)

    • If a researcher wants to collect precise numerical data, what type of question would they use?

    <p>Quantity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of question requires respondents to order items based on their importance?

    <p>Ranking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first stage in the designing of a questionnaire, according to the provided content?

    <p>Defining the research question (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of validity assesses whether questions can predict behavior?

    <p>Criterion validity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT a key factor for data collection, as outlined in the content?

    <p>Identifying the target audience (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of variable commonly used in research?

    <p>Frequency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a stage in the testing for reliability process?

    <p>Focus Group Review (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor to consider when determining the size of a sample required for analysis?

    <p>The specific type of sampling method used (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key consideration for constructing a questionnaire?

    <p>Data input and analysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between open-ended and list questions, as presented in the provided content?

    <p>Open-ended questions allow for a wider range of responses, while list questions offer a limited set of options. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of questionnaire is NOT mentioned in the content as a common method of administration?

    <p>Email (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of using pre-coded closed questions?

    <p>Simplifies data input and analysis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of respondents that can influence the reliability of research data?

    <p>Their willingness to participate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When designing a questionnaire, which of the following is not a core assumption to consider?

    <p>The questionnaire should attempt to gather as much information as possible, even if it requires asking many questions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT contribute to the reliability of a questionnaire?

    <p>Adapting existing questions without permission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a criterion for a well-formatted questionnaire?

    <p>The questionnaire should include a wide variety of question formats to keep respondents engaged. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a good practice for designing a questionnaire?

    <p>Using open-ended questions for all questions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a cover letter crucial for questionnaires?

    <p>It helps to explain the purpose of the research and the importance of the participant's contribution. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of research is best suited for questionnaire use?

    <p>Descriptive research, where the researcher aims to describe the characteristics of a population. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a benefit of using questionnaires in research?

    <p>They provide rich, in-depth insights into participants' thoughts and feelings. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Questionnaire Definition

    A tool where respondents answer the same set of questions in order.

    Basic Assumptions of Questionnaires

    Principles ensuring the questionnaire is user-friendly and relevant.

    Importance of Cover Letter

    A letter that informs about research and its significance to respondents.

    Types of Research for Questionnaires

    Questionnaires are used for explanatory and descriptive research.

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    Questionnaire Format Guidelines

    Presentation must be attractive, clear, and professionally numbered.

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    Category questions

    Questions where respondents choose from listed options to indicate frequency or category.

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    Ranking questions

    Questions where respondents rank items based on importance or preference.

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    Rating questions

    Questions that ask respondents to express their level of agreement on a scale.

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    Quantity questions

    Questions that ask for specific numerical information from respondents.

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    Survey question types

    Different formats of questions used to collect data from respondents in surveys.

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    Respondent Characteristics

    Factors such as demographics and access that influence survey responses.

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    Sampling Size

    The number of respondents needed to make valid conclusions from data.

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    Valid Questionnaire

    A tool that accurately measures what it's intended to assess.

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    Types of Variables

    Categories like opinion, behavior, and attributes used in research.

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    Data Collection Factors

    Key elements like question clarity and context understanding for effective data gathering.

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    Testing for Reliability

    Methods used to ensure consistent data across different conditions.

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    Open Questions

    Questions allowing for free-form responses rather than fixed options.

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    List Questions

    Closed questions that allow respondents to select from predefined options.

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    Questionnaire Types

    Main types include Internet, postal, telephone, and interview schedules.

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    Pilot Testing

    Preliminary testing of a questionnaire to assess its validity.

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    Question Wording

    Careful phrasing to avoid misreading and ensure clarity.

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    Data Validity

    Ensures the data accurately represents what it's supposed to measure.

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    Closed Questions

    Questions that are pre-coded for easier data analysis.

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    Study Notes

    Questionnaire Design: Collecting Primary Data

    • Questionnaires are techniques for collecting data where each participant responds to the same set of questions in a pre-determined order.
    • Questionnaires should meet basic assumptions:
      • Avoid unreasonable demands on respondents.
      • No hidden purpose.
      • Request information respondents likely possess.
      • Include interesting questions.
      • Avoid asking for information obtainable by other means.

    Question Design

    • Questions should be answerable and straightforward.

    Questionnaire Format

    • The presentation should be attractive, professional, and easy to understand.
    • Questions and pages should be clearly numbered.
    • Directions must be clear and explicit.
    • Questions should be objective.
    • Questions should be ordered logically.
    • Use examples where necessary.

    Importance of a Cover Letter

    • A cover letter informs the recipient about the research.
    • It establishes the importance of the research.
    • It makes the recipient feel part of the research effort.

    When to Use Questionnaires

    • Use for explanatory (cause-and-effect) or descriptive research.
    • Link with other methods (e.g., multiple-methods research).
    • Gather responses from large samples before quantitative analysis.

    Types of Questionnaires

    • Self-administered:
      • Postal questionnaires
      • Internet and Intranet-mediated questionnaires
    • Interviewer-administered:
      • Delivery and collection questionnaires
      • Telephone questionnaires
      • Structured interviews

    Considerations for Choosing Self-Admin or Interviewer Admin

    • Respondent characteristics and access.
    • Respondent biases in answers (e.g., contamination or distortion).
    • Sample size required.
    • Question type and quantity.
    • Available resources (e.g., software).

    Essential Data Collection

    • Precisely defined questions (unlike in-depth interviews).
    • Representative and accurate sampling.
    • Understand the organizational context.
    • Know relationships between variables (dependent, independent, extraneous).
    • Know variable types (opinion, behaviour, attribute).
    • Use a data requirements table.

    Designing Individual Questions

    • Adapt existing questions if necessary—always check copyright.
    • Avoid misleading wording.
    • Translate into other languages if needed.
    • Code questions.

    Questionnaire Construction

    • Consider the logical order and flow of questions.
    • Design a clear and user friendly layout.

    Explaining Purpose & Testing

    • A cover letter is essential.
    • Clearly introduce the questionnaire and its purpose.
    • Provide clear instructions.
    • Thorough pilot testing and assessing validity are crucial.

    Questionnaire Administration

    • Administer questionnaires appropriate to their type (e.g., internet vs. postal).
      • Internet and intranet-mediated responses.
      • Postal questionnaires.
      • Delivery and collection questionnaires.
      • Telephone questionnaires.
      • Structured interviews.

    Summary of Questionnaire Usage

    • Questionnaires are frequently used for descriptive or explanatory research to gather data.
    • Five key questionnaire types exist (Internet/intranet-mediated, postal, delivery/collection, telephone, and interview).
    • Precise research data can be gathered using a data requirements table (or similar).

    Summary of Questionnaire Validity and Reliability

    • Data validity and reliability, and response rate, depend on the questionnaire's design, structure, and rigorous pilot testing.
    • Question wording and order, as well as the types of questions used, are very important.
    • Closed questions should be pre-coded.

    Summary: Important Design Features

    • Clear layout.
    • Logical question order.
    • Easy completion of the questionnaire.
    • Introduction and pilot testing of questionnaires.
    • Appropriate administration method for each questionnaire.

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    Related Documents

    Questionnaire Design Lecture Notes PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of questionnaire design and the importance of effective question formation. It also emphasizes the significance of having a professional presentation and a well-structured cover letter in research. Test your knowledge on how to collect primary data effectively.

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