Queen Elizabeth I's Challenges (1560-1588)
40 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What was the primary concern of the Scottish Protestant nobles regarding Mary Stuart's potential rule?

  • Mary's lack of interest in Scottish affairs
  • Mary's age and inexperience as a ruler
  • The economic instability in Scotland
  • The possibility of a French, Catholic rule in Scotland (correct)

Which action did Queen Elizabeth take to support the Protestant Scottish Council?

  • She negotiated peace with France
  • She secretly provided financial aid and later troops (correct)
  • She arranged a marriage between Mary and a Protestant noble
  • She sent military advisors to Scotland

What did the Treaty of Edinburgh establish regarding Mary Stuart's claim to the English throne?

  • It made her claim dependent on the Scottish nobility
  • It required her to relinquish her claim (correct)
  • It left her claim intact until her marriage
  • It strengthened her claim to the throne

How did the Scottish Protestant nobles react to Mary Stuart upon her return to Scotland?

<p>They distrusted her due to her background (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event led to Mary Stuart's return to Scotland in 1561?

<p>The death of King Francis II of France (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After King Francis II died, how did Mary feel at the French royal court?

<p>Pointless and undervalued (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the signing of the Treaty of Edinburgh for foreign troops in Scotland?

<p>Both French and English troops were to leave Scotland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were the Protestant nobles concerned about Mary's French background?

<p>Her loyalty was presumed to lie with France over Scotland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a notable aspect of Mary's rule in relation to religion in Scotland?

<p>She allowed total religious freedom in Scotland. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one reason Elizabeth refused to name Mary as her heir?

<p>Mary had not signed the Treaty of Edinburgh. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which noble did Mary Queen of Scots marry in 1565?

<p>Lord Henry Darnley (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Protestant Council feel about Mary's return to Scotland?

<p>They distrusted her and preferred a Protestant ruler. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach did Mary take regarding her Privy Council?

<p>She included both Protestant and Catholic nobles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Elizabeth's suggested marriage candidate for Mary?

<p>Lord Robert Dudley (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What familial relationship did Mary have with Lord Darnley?

<p>He was her cousin. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason Mary rejected Dudley as her husband?

<p>She believed it was a political strategy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one factor that contributed to Elizabeth's anger over Mary's marriage to Darnley?

<p>Darnley did not seek her permission to marry. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Mary's marriage to Darnley affect her authority?

<p>It made her authority more fragile. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did Elizabeth play during Mary's conflict with the Protestant nobles?

<p>She supplied weaponry and funds to the rebels. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant consequence of Darnley's behavior according to the struggles faced by Mary?

<p>He contributed to the deteriorating relationship between Mary and the Protestants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event illustrated the fragility of Mary's authority?

<p>The storming of her bedroom and murder of David Rizzio. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the father of Mary's heir, James Stuart?

<p>Lord Darnley. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What motivated some Protestant nobles to ally with Darnley?

<p>His Catholic background. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of Mary's major regrets regarding her marriage?

<p>Her husband's charm was deceptive. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the cause of Darnley's death as suggested by the circumstances surrounding the explosion?

<p>He suffocated while trying to escape the explosion. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Queen Mary's situation shortly after Darnley's death?

<p>She was taken by Bothwell for her safety. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How was Mary's marriage to Lord Bothwell perceived by the public?

<p>It was seen as a result of Darnley's murder. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor contributed to the loss of public support for Mary following her marriage to Bothwell?

<p>Bothwell's rising power and influence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of Mary's marriage to Bothwell concerning her Catholic supporters?

<p>They considered the marriage to be unlawful. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event is suggested to have occurred shortly after Mary and Bothwell's marriage?

<p>Mary became pregnant but later miscarried. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major reason for the rebellion against Mary and Bothwell?

<p>The belief that they had plotted Darnley's murder. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Protestant nobles view Bothwell’s behavior after the marriage?

<p>They were alarmed by his growing power. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to Mary Queen of Scots' abdication from the throne?

<p>The demand of the Scottish nobles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Mary Queen of Scots escape from her island prison?

<p>By bribing the guards to assist her (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the fate of Mary’s son, James, after her abdication?

<p>He was raised by the Earl of Moray (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the conditions of Mary's imprisonment set by Queen Elizabeth?

<p>House arrest with some comforts but heavy restrictions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Queen Elizabeth's main concern about executing Mary?

<p>It might incite a rebellion in Scotland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Mary’s attempt to regain her throne with her army of 6,000?

<p>They were defeated by the noble Council’s forces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Mary's imprisonment affect her communication with the outside world?

<p>Her communications were severely restricted (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant reason for Bothwell's departure from Scotland?

<p>He negotiated a safe passage for his life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Treaty of Edinburgh (1560)

A treaty signed by France, England, and Scotland agreeing to remove their troops from Scotland and address Mary Stuart's claim to the English throne.

Death of Francis II (1560)

The unexpected death of the French king, leaving Mary Stuart without a husband and royal responsibilities in France.

Mary Stuart's Return to Scotland (1561)

Mary Stuart, now a widow, returns to Scotland to claim the throne as Mary Queen of Scots.

Scottish Protestants' distrust of Mary

Scottish Protestants viewed Mary with suspicion due to her French upbringing, Catholicism, and French entourage.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary Queen of Scots

The title used to refer to Mary Stuart after her return to Scotland after the death of Francis II in 1560

Signup and view all the flashcards

Revolt of the Northern Earls (1569)

A rebellion led by Northern English nobles who opposed Queen Elizabeth I.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rivalry with Spain (1560-1585)

Ongoing tension and conflicts arising from competing interests between England & Spain.

Signup and view all the flashcards

War with Spain (1585-1588)

A period of direct military conflict between England and Spain.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's marriage choice

Mary Queen of Scots' marriage to a Catholic Englishman angered Scottish Protestants.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Protestant Rebellion

Scottish Protestant nobles revolted against Mary, aided by England.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Darnley's true nature

Darnley was revealed as a drunkard and abusive husband, seeking power.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rizzio's murder

Darnley and Protestant nobles murdered Mary's secretary, Rizzio.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's pregnancy

Mary Queen of Scots became pregnant in 1565, adding to her challenges.

Signup and view all the flashcards

James Stuart's birth

Mary gave birth to her son, James Stuart, in 1566, strengthening her claim to the throne.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nobles plotting against Darnley

Protestant nobles plotted to remove Darnley due to his problematic behavior and ambition.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's heir

Mary's son, James Stuart, was her heir to the Scottish throne and possibly the English.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary Queen of Scots's return to Scotland

Mary's return to Scotland was a significant event impacting English politics, leading to claims of hereditary right to the English throne, and distrust from the Protestant Council.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's claim to English throne

Mary Queen of Scots asserted her right to the English throne, challenging Elizabeth I's claim.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's marriage to Darnley

Mary's marriage to Lord Darnley strengthened her claim to the English throne, causing tension with Elizabeth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Elizabeth's control over Mary's choice of husband

Elizabeth attempted to influence Mary's marriage choices for strategic reasons, suggesting Dudley.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's lack of Scottish ruling experience

Mary had no experience ruling Scotland or understanding of Scottish customs impacting her governance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Treaty of Edinburgh

An agreement, which Mary did not sign, that impacted her claim to the English succession.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Elizabeth's opposition to Mary's succession

Elizabeth I was wary of any potential Catholic claimant to the English throne(Mary).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Political implications of Mary's choices

Mary's decisions, including her marriage and claim to the throne had direct and complex consequences on the political landscape of both Scotland and England.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Darnley's Murder

Lord Darnley, Mary Queen of Scots' husband, was found dead in the garden after an explosion at his house, Kirk o'Field. He was likely smothered and suffocated, not killed by the explosion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bothwell and Mary's Marriage

Mary was taken away from Edinburgh by Bothwell's soldiers for 'safety' shortly after Darnley's death. They married soon after, whether by mutual consent or forceful abduction remains unclear.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's Public Image After the Marriage

Public opinion toward Mary drastically shifted after her marriage to Bothwell. The majority saw them as murderers who orchestrated Darnley's death for their own benefit, shattering Mary's reputation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Catholic Opposition to the Marriage

Catholics who supported Mary considered her marriage to Bothwell unlawful. This was due to Bothwell's quick divorce from his previous wife to marry the Queen.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bothwell's Unpopularity

Bothwell's popularity plummeted after his rise to power. The Protestant nobles disliked his newfound influence and many saw him as a king in his own right. Even the public viewed him negatively.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's Isolation and Exhaustion

Mary, exhausted by the difficult circumstances after her return from France, became increasingly isolated. She even suffered a miscarriage of Bothwell's child.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rebellion Against Mary and Bothwell

A rebellion, initially led by Protestant nobles, but later joined by Catholic nobles and the public, rose against Mary and Bothwell. This was fueled by Mary's damaged reputation, Bothwell's unpopularity, and their perceived role in Darnley's death.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's Loss of Support

Mary, once a queen with strong support, lost public favor due to the events surrounding Darnley's death, her marriage to Bothwell, and the perceived conspiracy. She was abused and ridiculed in public.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's abdication

Mary, forced by the Scottish nobles, gave up the throne of Scotland, signing her abdication.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Earl of Moray

Mary's illegitimate half-brother, a Protestant, was given custody of Mary's son, James.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's escape attempt

Mary, still young, managed to escape from her prison with the help of some guards.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Battle for the throne

Mary's small army clashed with the forces of the nobles, but was defeated, marking the end of her attempt to reclaim the throne.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's imprisonment

Queen Elizabeth of England decided to keep Mary imprisoned, placing her under 'house arrest' and moving her between various locations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's danger to England

Elizabeth feared the consequences of killing Mary, but recognized that Mary's presence posed a threat as long as she lived.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's isolation

Mary's communication with the outside world during her imprisonment was significantly restricted.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mary's fate

Mary was kept imprisoned under the watchful eye of Queen Elizabeth, denied the freedom to return to Scotland and raise her son, James.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Queen Elizabeth I's Reign (1560-1588) - Challenges

  • Period: 1560 to 1588
  • Mary, Queen of Scots and Elizabeth I (1561-1568): Scottish Protestant nobles, desiring independence, clashed with French Catholic rule under Mary Stuart. Elizabeth secretly supported the Scottish Protestants.
  • Revolt of the Northern Earls (1569): A revolt against Elizabeth's rule in the North of England
  • Rivalry with Spain (1560-1585): Political and economic tensions between England and Spain
  • War with Spain (1585-1588): A major conflict, culminating in an attempted invasion of England by the Spanish Armada.

Treaty of Edinburgh (1560)

  • Scottish Protestant Nobles: Desired permanent rule of Scotland
  • Mary Stuart: French Catholic Queen
  • Council: Ruled Scotland when Mary was growing up in France
  • Goal: The treaty resolved to resolve the political conflict between French Catholic rule and independence
  • English and French troops: Signed by representatives to withdraw troops from Scotland
  • Mary Stuart: Would renounce her claim to the English throne

Mary Stuart, Reign of Queen Mary, and Mary Stuarts Returns (1561)

  • Return to Scotland(1561): Became Queen of Scots with French background, customs, and Protestant relations.
  • Disagreement within the Council: Catholicism, French accent, and lack of Scottish experience
  • Mary's response: Didn't enforce Catholicism, gave religious freedom to nobles.
  • Nobles Concerns: Mistrust of her and desire for conversion to Protestantism.
  • Support for Mary: Hoped for support from the Protestant nobles by keeping them in her Council.

Mary Queen of Scots' Request to be Elizabeth's Heir (1561)

  • Claim to the English Throne (1561): Mary attempted to claim succession to the English throne.
  • Elizabeth's Response: Rejected Mary's claim to avoid plots from those against her rule
  • Marriage: Seeking a husband

Mary's Marriage to Darnley (1565)

  • Choice of Husband: Mary married Lord Darnley, a half-English, half-Scottish nobleman rather than English subject Robert Dudley.
  • English Concerns: Elizabeth was furious because Darnley was an English subject and was actively helping Mary against Elizabeth.

Worsening Situation (1565)

  • Bad Choice of Husband: Mary's marital choice with Darnley angered Scottish Protestant nobles
  • Rebellion: Protestant nobles began a rebellion against Mary, supported by Elizabeth, due to Mary's Catholicism.
  • Darnley's murder (1567): Darnley's death, leading to intense suspicion surrounding Mary
  • Private Secretary, Rizzio Murdered: Mary's private secretary murdered by nobles and Darnley.
  • Pregnant: Mary became pregnant during political turmoil.

Birth of Mary's Son (1566)

  • Son Born (1566): Birth of James Stuart, strengthening her possible succession to the English Throne.

Mary and Bothwell (1567)

  • Marriage to Bothwell: Mary's marriage to Lord Bothwell, escalating tensions with the Protestant nobles.

Murder of Darnley (1567)

  • Darnley's Murder: Darnley's death, strongly connected to Bothwell and suspicion surrounding Mary.
  • Public Mistrust: The public's suspicion of Mary, leading to another rebellion.

Rebellion against Mary (1567)

  • Further Rebellion: Mary was overthrown by both Scottish Protestants and Catholics, with the help of Elizabeth
  • Abdication: Mary was forced to abdicate.
  • Custody of Son: Bothwell was killed or left and James Stuart was placed under the care of the Protestant Earl of Moray.
  • Exile: Mary was unable to reclaim power.

Mary's Escape and Imprisonment (1568)

  • Escape to England: Mary escaped to England.
  • Imprisonment: Elizabeth's imprisonment policy toward Mary
  • Reasons for Imprisonment: Fear of plots against her, fear of French intervention due to Mary's Catholic background.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Mary Queen of Scots (1560-1568) PDF

Description

Explore the significant challenges faced by Queen Elizabeth I during her reign from 1560 to 1588. This quiz delves into key events such as the clash with Mary, Queen of Scots, the Revolt of the Northern Earls, and the rivalry with Spain, culminating in the conflict with the Spanish Armada. Test your knowledge of this tumultuous period in English history.

More Like This

Elizabethan England & Renaissance History Quiz
30 questions

Elizabethan England & Renaissance History Quiz

ContrastyConsciousness avatar
ContrastyConsciousness
Pride and Prejudice: Elizabeth's Hypocrisy
14 questions

Pride and Prejudice: Elizabeth's Hypocrisy

MatchlessAltoSaxophone avatar
MatchlessAltoSaxophone
Elizabeth Bishop: The Fish
16 questions

Elizabeth Bishop: The Fish

EvaluativeQuantum avatar
EvaluativeQuantum
Elizabeth I and Elizabethan Drama
20 questions

Elizabeth I and Elizabethan Drama

ExuberantTourmaline avatar
ExuberantTourmaline
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser