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Untitled Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary site of hematopoiesis in adults?

  • Thymus
  • Bone marrow (correct)
  • Liver
  • Spleen
  • Which vitamin deficiency is most directly associated with megaloblastic anemia?

  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin B12 (correct)
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin C
  • What is a common symptom of anemia?

  • Weight gain
  • Hypertension
  • Dyspnea (correct)
  • Increased energy levels
  • Which type of anemia is caused by the destruction of red blood cells?

    <p>Sickle cell anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What essential nutrient is required for proper hematopoiesis?

    <p>Iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by a deficiency in intrinsic factor?

    <p>Pernicious anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical hemoglobin threshold for defining anemia in men?

    <p>14 g/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a sign of anemia?

    <p>Increased appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is primarily responsible for secreting releasing and inhibiting hormones?

    <p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stimulation causes hormone release in response to changing levels of ions or nutrients in the blood?

    <p>Humoral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is NOT synthesized in the hypothalamus?

    <p>Growth hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary role of growth hormone during childhood and adolescence includes all of the following EXCEPT:

    <p>Enhancement of cognitive function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition can potentially lead to a deficiency in growth hormone?

    <p>Genetic mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk associated with medicinal growth hormone derived from human cadavers?

    <p>Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance is commonly used as a recombinant form of growth hormone?

    <p>Somatropin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a function of hormonal agents that mimic or block the effects of hypothalamic and pituitary hormones?

    <p>Diagnosing hormone imbalances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by physical and mental retardation due to congenital hypothyroidism?

    <p>Cretinism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of endemic goiter?

    <p>Inadequate dietary iodine intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature of Hashimoto's thyroiditis?

    <p>Destruction of thyroid cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is a synthetic form of T4 (thyroxine) and has a long half-life allowing for once-daily dosing?

    <p>Levothyroxine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with myxedema coma?

    <p>Untreated hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary component is primarily responsible for the development of sporadic goiter?

    <p>Progoitrin-containing foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using Levothyroxine?

    <p>Immediate action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of untreated hypothyroidism in adults?

    <p>Myxedema coma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT a contraindication for the use of glyburide?

    <p>Obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common side effect associated with metformin use?

    <p>Diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered an adverse effect associated with thiazolidinediones?

    <p>Increased risk of heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism is primarily utilized by biguanides in managing diabetes?

    <p>Enhance glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major risk associated with long-term use of biguanides?

    <p>Decrease in Vitamin B12 absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which meglitinide is derived from D-phenylalanine?

    <p>Nateglinide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition should glyburide NOT be used?

    <p>Stressful conditions like surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary effect do biguanides have on triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)?

    <p>Decrease both TG and LDL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is known to cause hepatotoxicity and was banned from use?

    <p>Troglitazone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?

    <p>Retard carbohydrate absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant side effect is associated with the use of pramlintide?

    <p>Increased risk of hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs improves glycemic control by inhibiting glucose absorption in the renal proximal tubule?

    <p>Dapaglifozin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason for the use of glucagon?

    <p>To increase insulin secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gout is primarily associated with which of the following conditions?

    <p>Hyperuricemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of dietary substances can lead to increased uric acid levels, contributing to gout?

    <p>Purines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of GLP-1 in glucose regulation?

    <p>Enhances insulin secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

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