Quantum Model of Sodium Atom Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Describe the Bohr model of the atom.

The Bohr model of the atom describes electrons orbiting the nucleus in fixed energy levels or shells.

Define electron.

An electron is a subatomic particle with a negative charge that orbits the nucleus of an atom.

What is the nucleus of an atom composed of? Define each component.

The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and neutrons. Protons are positively charged particles, while neutrons have no charge.

Define atomic number.

<p>The atomic number of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of its atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discuss electron shells and orbits and their energy levels.

<p>Electron shells are energy levels where electrons orbit the nucleus. Electrons closer to the nucleus have lower energy levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a valence electron?

<p>A valence electron is an electron in the outermost shell of an atom that participates in chemical bonding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two important theories that underlie the quantum model?

<p>Wave-particle duality and uncertainty principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are electrons in the quantum model different from the Bohr model?

<p>Electrons in the quantum model do not exist in precise circular orbits as particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of electrons is compared to the velocity of an orbiting electron in the quantum model?

<p>Wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the wave-particle duality in the quantum model?

<p>Electrons are thought to exhibit a dual characteristic, much like light being both a wave and a particle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the size of an atom often described in relation to its components?

<p>Atoms are mostly empty space, with the nucleus being extremely small and electrons orbiting at large distances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the proton in a hydrogen atom were the size of a golf ball, how far away would the electron orbit be?

<p>Approximately one mile away</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the smaller particles found within protons and neutrons?

<p>Quarks</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Heisenberg, what is impossible to determine simultaneously for an electron?

<p>Position and velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are probability clouds in the context of an atom?

<p>Mathematical descriptions of where electrons are most likely to be located</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who showed that every particle has wave characteristics?

<p>De Broglie</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many subshells, designated s, p, d, and f, can each shell or energy level in the quantum model consist of?

<p>Up to four</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many electrons can an orbital s hold at most?

<p>Two electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

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