Quantitative Analysis of Gut Microbiota Composition

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What was the aim of the study mentioned in the text?

To assess the efficacy and safety of LGG treatment in children with BA after HPE.

How was the trial conducted in the study?

It was a double-blind placebo-controlled trial with patients randomized into treatment group receiving LGG and placebo.

What was the main finding related to short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in children with BA?

There were lower concentrations of SCFA in children with BA compared to the control group.

What change was observed in the number of Enterococcus bacteria after treatment?

There was a significant increase in the number of Enterococcus bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

How did the laboratory parameters and gut microbiota composition differ between the LGG group and the placebo group after treatment?

After 6 months of treatment, neither laboratory parameters nor gut microbiota composition differed between the LGG group and placebo. Signup and view all the answers

What was the difference in the occurrence of bacterial cholangitis between the LGG group and the placebo group?

3 (21%) patients in the LGG group developed bacterial cholangitis compared to 8 (50%) in the placebo group. Signup and view all the answers

At what age did the infants undergo Kasai surgery?

66 § 17 days Signup and view all the answers

What was the placebo group given instead of LGG?

glucose Signup and view all the answers

How long was the active compound LGG (6 £ 109 CFU) given to the children?

twice daily for 6 months Signup and view all the answers

How many children were in the treatment group that received LGG added to milk formula?

14 children Signup and view all the answers

When was the first dose of study medication given to the patients?

once the oral feeding was well tolerated, on average between 7 and 10 days after Kasai operation Signup and view all the answers

Who prepared and provided the capsules with study medication?

Vitis Pharma company Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of the study mentioned in the text?

To assess efficacy and safety of probiotic therapy in children with biliary atresia after HPE and perform quantitative assessment of gut microbiota composition and metabolism. Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment of choice for biliary atresia?

Kasai hepatoportoenterostomy (HPE). Signup and view all the answers

What is postulated to be implicated in the interplay between progressive liver injury and gut microbiota?

Intestinal bile acids and gut microbiota. Signup and view all the answers

What is the major early complication after the Kasai operation?

Bacterial cholangitis (BCH). Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of bacterial cholangitis post-surgery?

Bacterial translocation from the gut due to the changed anatomy after surgery. Signup and view all the answers

What is characterized by progressive fibrosis of intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts?

Biliary atresia (BA). Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients in the historical control group developed BCH?

80% Signup and view all the answers

How many episodes of BCH did the LGG group have after Kasai operation?

Lower number (not statistically significant) Signup and view all the answers

What was the prevalence of Enterococci species in culture-proven cholangitis in the study?

34.1% Signup and view all the answers

What was the rate of BCH development in the study compared to previously reported series?

36% vs up to 90% Signup and view all the answers

What was the effect of L casei rhamnosus according to the study by Lien et al.?

Beneficial effect Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients developed BCH in each of the randomized groups in the study by Lien et al.?

20% Signup and view all the answers

What method was used to quantify Clostridium strains in the fecal samples?

Differential Reinforced Clostridial Broth (DRCM) Signup and view all the answers

In what type of medium were Bacteroides Schaedler quantified?

Medium with the antibiotic gentamicin Signup and view all the answers

How were Biﬁdobacterium strains quantified in the fecal samples?

Reinforced Clostridial Agar with antibiotic doxycycline (RCA) Signup and view all the answers

Which medium was used to determine Lactobacillus content in the samples?

Rogosa medium Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions were the cultures incubated for the determination of Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides?

Anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 48 hours Signup and view all the answers

What method was used to analyze the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the study?

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Signup and view all the answers