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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of Total Quality Management (TQM)?
When did the concept of Quality Control emerge as a distinct discipline in the United States?
Who developed the philosophy of TQM in Japan in the 1960s?
What is the primary objective of TQM?
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What is one of the limitations of TQM?
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What is one of the elements of TQM?
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What is the advantage of TQM in terms of productivity?
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What is one of the principles of Deming's 14 Points for Management?
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What is the focus of TQM in terms of quality improvement?
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What is one of the advantages of TQM in terms of employee involvement?
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What is the primary objective of Quality Control?
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What is the primary goal of quality control in a production process?
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Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting quality?
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What is the definition of quality in terms of a product's purpose?
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What is the primary role of the Quality Control department?
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What is the primary difference between control and inspection?
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What is the benefit of Quality Control in terms of reputation?
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What is the 'totality of features and characteristics' of a product or service?
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What is Total Quality Management (TQM) primarily focused on?
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What is the meaning of 'Total' in Total Quality Management?
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What is quality control a systematic control of?
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What is the primary goal of Total Quality Management?
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What are the factors that affect the quality of a product, according to the definition of quality control?
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What is the role of Quality Control in the production process?
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What is the primary objective of quality control?
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What is the definition of quality in terms of customer needs?
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What is the outcome of effective Quality Control?
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What is the definition of Quality Control according to Alford and Beatly?
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What is the primary characteristic of quality?
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What is the primary goal of inspection in quality control?
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What is the main goal of inspiring workers to stay competitive in the market?
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Why is it necessary to adopt new philosophies in the market?
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What is the main drawback of mass inspection?
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What is the main benefit of moving towards a single supplier for any item?
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Why is it necessary to constantly improve the system of production and service?
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What is the main benefit of training on the job?
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Why is it necessary to drive out fear in the workplace?
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What is the main benefit of breaking down barriers between staff areas?
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What is the main drawback of having numerical goals for the workforce?
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What is the main benefit of instituting a vigorous program of education and training?
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Study Notes
Quality Control
- Definition of Quality: Fitness for purpose at lowest cost, satisfying customer needs, and degree of perfection.
- Quality Control: Systematic control of factors affecting product quality, ensuring optimum quality at minimum cost.
Factors Affecting Quality
- Men, materials, machines, and manufacturing conditions
- Market research, money, management, production methods, and product design
Objectives of Quality Control
- Set standards for quality that are acceptable to customers and economical to maintain
- Improve quality standards
- Prevent and solve quality deviations during manufacturing
- Ensure uniform quality products
Functions of Quality Control Department
- Suggest methods to prevent manufacturing difficulties
- Reject defective goods
- Investigate and correct quality control breakdowns
- Correct and rehabilitate defective goods
Advantages of Quality Control
- Improved product quality and sales
- Reduced waste and manufacturing costs
- Improved reputation and manufacturer-consumer relations
- Uniformity in quality and reduced inspection costs
Total Quality Management (TQM)
- Definition: A management approach focused on quality, based on participation of all members, aiming for long-term success through customer satisfaction.
- TQM is composed of three paradigms: Total, Quality, and Management.
- Originated in the United States in the 1920s and developed in Japan in the 1960s.
Elements of TQM
- Sustained management commitment to quality
- Total focus on the customer
- Preventing defects rather than detecting them
- Universal quality responsibility
- Quality measurement, continuous improvement, and root cause corrective actions
- Employee involvement and empowerment, focus on team synergy, thinking statistically, benchmarking, and training
- Supplier teaming
Objectives of TQM
- Achieve higher customer satisfaction through collective effort
- Provide goods and services with zero defects
- Educate and train managers and employees
- Focus on productivity and quality improvement
- Enhance communication in the organization
Advantages of TQM
- Enhanced customer satisfaction
- Total change in organization working culture
- Increased productivity and efficiency
- Incorporation of advanced production techniques
- Development of new products and skills
- Enhanced teamwork, reduced rework, and reduced inventory
- Increased profitability
Limitations of TQM
- Slow implementation process
- Requires total change in management and employee outlook
- Success depends on participative management
- Difficult to implement in developing economies
Deming's 14 Quality Principles
- Create constancy of purpose for improvement of product and service
- Adopt the new philosophy
- Cease dependence on mass inspection
- End the practice of awarding business on price tag alone
- Constantly and forever improve the system of production and service
- Institute modern methods of training on the job
- Institute modern methods of supervision
- Drive out fear
- Break down barriers between staff areas
- Eliminate numerical goals for the work force
- Eliminate work standards and numerical quotas
- Remove barriers that hinder the hourly worker
- Institute a vigorous program of education and training
- Create a situation in top management that will push every day on the above points
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Description
Learn about the concept of quality, its definition, and principles. Understand how quality is related to cost and customer needs, and how it is defined as fitness for purpose.
