Qualitative Research Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is a key characteristic of qualitative research?

Focuses on broad statistical sampling.

Collects and interprets non-numeric data. (correct)

Involves strictly numeric data analysis.

Uses only quantitative methods for data collection.

Which component is NOT part of trustworthiness in qualitative research?

Transferability

Confirmability

Experimental Validity (correct)

Credibility

Which method is used in qualitative research for gathering in-depth insights from individuals?

Surveys

Randomized Trials

Large Scale Experiments

Focus Groups (correct)

What does internal validity ensure in experimental research?

The treatment caused the observed changes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a threat to external validity?

Sample selection biases Signup and view all the answers

Which qualitative data collection method includes creating detailed field notes?

Observations Signup and view all the answers

What is triangulation in qualitative research?

Using several sources to support conclusions. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of research design involves a group that is tracked over time but lacks random assignment?

Quasi-Experimental Design Signup and view all the answers

Which study design involves matching participants with and without a condition?

Case-Controlled Study Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of a systematic review?

To summarize research on a specific topic Signup and view all the answers

In the context of regression analysis, what does logistic regression specifically predict?

Binary outcomes, such as yes/no Signup and view all the answers

Which step is NOT part of the meta-analysis process?

Literature Review Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of correlation analysis?

Examining the relationship between two or more variables Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is essential for effective Meta-Analysis?

Bias Control Signup and view all the answers

In research synthesis, what distinguishes a literature review from research synthesis?

Literature reviews have a clearly defined purpose Signup and view all the answers

What does homogeneity testing ensure in a meta-analysis?

Consistency among studies included in the analysis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Qualitative Research

Involves collecting and analyzing non-numeric data (e.g., language, text)
Applied across disciplines like anthropology, psychology, sociology, and kinesiology
Also known as ethnographic, grounded theory, phenomenological, etc.
The research process includes defining the research problem, formulating research questions and a theoretical framework, and collecting data
Data collection methods include interviews, focus groups, and observations
Trustworthiness is crucial for ensuring the applicability, consistency, neutrality of data
Trustworthiness components include credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability
Prolonged engagement, audit trails, thick descriptions help with data quality
Understanding researcher bias and minimizing bias is crucial for ensuring trustworthiness
Triangulation (using multiple sources for supporting conclusions) and member checking (validating findings with participants) are key techniques for ensuring data validity

Experimental & Quasi-Experimental Research

Used to establish cause-and-effect relationships
A good theoretical framework, experimental design, appropriate variables and statistical analyses are crucial
Criteria for establishing causality includes: the cause must precede the effect, cause and effect must correlate, and no other variable should explain the correlation
Types of validity include internal validity (ensures the treatment cause observed changes) and external validity (generalizability to other contexts)
Threats to internal validity include history, maturation, testing effects, selection biases
Threats to external validity include interaction of testing with treatment, biases in participant selection
Experimental designs include pre-experimental, experimental, and quasi-experimental designs

Epidemiology

Involves the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems
Observational research examines natural differences without intervention, while experimental research tests the effects of treatments (ethically limited)
Key epidemiological concepts include distribution (frequency, patterns) and determinants (characteristics affecting health)
Common study designs include cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, and case-control studies

Correlation & Regression

Correlation examines relationships between two or more variables
Types of correlation include positive (direct relationship) and negative (inverse relationship)
Large samples improve the detection of significant relationships
Regression predicts outcomes based on one or more predictor variables
Simple regression predicts outcomes based on a single predictor variable, while multiple regression uses several predictors for a more complex outcome
Logistic regression predicts binary outcomes (e.g., yes/no)

Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis

A research synthesis defines a clear purpose before starting a literature review, while a literature review is often exploratory, focused on identifying a research purpose
Meta-analysis involves analyzing data from multiple studies using a standard metric
Key steps in a meta-analysis include identifying the problem, searching for relevant literature, reviewing studies, evaluating and coding data, calculating effect sizes, performing statistical analysis, and reporting findings
Meta-analysis can be used to answer research questions, synthesize research findings, and draw conclusions from multiple studies
Systematic reviews are used to summarize research on a specific topic without the quantitative focus of meta-analysis
Key steps in a systematic review include forming a team, registering the review, screening studies for eligibility, and including relevant studies in the review
Flowcharts are used to visually track the steps in a systematic review, from identification to inclusion of studies
Considerations in meta-analysis include effect size coding, homogeneity testing, and bias control
Systematic reviews are essential for evidence-based practice because they provide a comprehensive summary of the available research on a specific topic, promoting informed decision-making in various fields

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Description

This quiz explores the fundamentals of qualitative research, including its methodologies, data collection techniques, and the importance of trustworthiness in research findings. It covers various approaches such as ethnography and phenomenology, as well as strategies to minimize researcher bias. Test your understanding of these key concepts in qualitative research.