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Questions and Answers
What is the concentration of each ion present in the unknown solution?
How much of the unknown solution is used for analysis?
What is added to the solution to make it acidic if it is alkaline?
What indicates the presence of Ag+ and/or Hg22+ ions?
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Why is the unused portion of the solution reserved?
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What is the purpose of adding 6 M HCl to the solution?
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What is the purpose of adding 2 drops of 6 M HCl to the filtrate?
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What is the purpose of heating the water to boiling?
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What is the purpose of adding 1 M K2CrO4 to the filtrate?
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What should be done if the filtrate appears cloudy after initial filtration?
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What is the purpose of washing the filter with 1 M HCl?
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What is the final step in confirming the presence of Pb2+ ions?
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Study Notes
Ion Concentration and Analysis
- Concentration of each ion in the unknown solution must be determined through analytical methods.
- A specific volume of the unknown solution is used for accurate analysis, typically a small aliquot.
Adjusting Solution pH
- To make an alkaline solution acidic, a strong acid, often 6 M HCl, is added.
Ion Detection
- The presence of ions such as Ag+ and/or Hg22+ can be indicated by specific color changes or precipitate formation during reactions.
Sample Preservation
- The unused portion of the solution is reserved for potential further analysis or confirmatory tests.
6 M HCl Addition
- Adding 6 M HCl helps to precipitate certain ions by lowering the pH and ensuring solubility conditions are met for specific reactions.
Filtrate Treatment
- Two drops of 6 M HCl are added to the filtrate to check for the presence of any remaining ions that could precipitate under acidic conditions.
Heating Steps
- Heating the water to boiling serves to dissolve compounds fully and facilitate reactions that might be temperature-dependent.
Adding K2CrO4
- 1 M K2CrO4 is added to the filtrate as it reacts with specific cations, forming a colored precipitate indicative of certain metal ions like Pb2+.
Managing Filtrate Clarity
- If the filtrate appears cloudy after initial filtration, it must be filtered again to remove undissolved particles.
Filter Washing
- Washing the filter with 1 M HCl ensures that any residual ions on the filter are removed, providing a cleaner sample for analysis.
Confirming Pb2+ Presence
- The final step to confirm Pb2+ involves the detection of a characteristic yellow precipitate when K2CrO4 is added, confirming the presence of lead ions.
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Description
This quiz is about identifying ions present in a given unknown using various reagents and materials. It involves the analysis of Group II ions, including Ag+, Pb2+, and Hg22+.
