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Questions and Answers

What is perceptual overload primarily caused by?

  • Selective attention to specific stimuli
  • Simple cognitive tasks
  • Lack of attention to stimuli
  • Inability to process or manage a stimulus (correct)

In Broadbent's filter model of attention, stimuli are filtered based on what criteria?

  • Emotional significance of the stimuli
  • Past experiences with the stimuli
  • Basic physical properties of the stimuli (correct)
  • Cognitive complexity of the stimuli

What does Treisman's Attenuation Model suggest about unattended information?

  • It is completely ignored by the brain
  • It is prioritized over attended information
  • It is processed at a lower intensity (correct)
  • It is processed as strongly as attended information

Which of the following best describes perceptual load?

<p>The difficulty level of a cognitive task (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does perceptual overload manifest in crowded environments?

<p>Decreased focus on the main task (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Broadbent's filter model, what happens to unattended stimuli?

<p>They may still influence behavior unconsciously (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of high-load tasks according to the concept of perceptual load?

<p>They can overwhelm processing capacity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which context does Treisman's Attenuation Model explain the filtering of auditory information?

<p>In situations involving conversation in noisy settings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the early selection model in attention?

<p>To filter out unattended messages before meaningful analysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the dictionary unit in Treisman's model aid in selective attention?

<p>It activates stored words based on their recognition thresholds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cognitive load refer to in the context of attention and multitasking?

<p>The mental effort required to process information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when you hear your name in a crowded party despite not actively listening?

<p>Significant information breaks through background noise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the attenuator in Treisman's model analyze about incoming messages?

<p>Their physical characteristics, language, and meaning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT directly impact processing capacity according to the information provided?

<p>The length of time spent multitasking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model proposes that stimuli are selected for final processing after meaning has been analyzed?

<p>Late selection model (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does attentional warping refer to in the context of attention?

<p>The brain's adaptation to focus more on specific categories (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of short-term memory?

<p>To hold a limited amount of information for a brief period (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the phonological loop primarily process?

<p>Verbal and auditory information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of working memory is responsible for rehearsal?

<p>Articulatory rehearsal process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad function together?

<p>They are both overseen by the central executive system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the central executive system play in working memory?

<p>It acts as a traffic cop by coordinating different tasks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a function of the visuospatial sketchpad?

<p>Forming mental images and spatial reasoning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to information in the phonological store without rehearsal?

<p>It decays quickly and is lost within seconds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario illustrates the role of the central executive system?

<p>Driving while a friend reads directions and the radio is on (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the central executive in working memory?

<p>To coordinate and combine information from different memory components. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the episodic buffer?

<p>It serves as a backup store that connects working memory and long-term memory. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does short-term memory typically hold information?

<p>15 to 20 seconds. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes working memory from short-term memory?

<p>Working memory is for temporary storage and manipulation of information. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which effect describes the confusion of letters or words that sound similar?

<p>Phonological similarity effect. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the word length effect indicate regarding memory performance?

<p>Memory for lists of words is better for shorter words than for longer ones. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does articulatory suppression impact memory retention?

<p>It reduces memory retention by interfering with rehearsal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many items can short-term memory typically hold?

<p>5 to 7 items. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of long-term memory involves mental time travel to relive specific personal experiences?

<p>Episodic memory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of memory primarily holds general knowledge and facts?

<p>Semantic memory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes explicit memories in terms of consciousness?

<p>They require conscious recollection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called that allows information to be transferred from short-term memory to long-term memory?

<p>Encoding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of retrieving information from long-term memory does not require cues?

<p>Recall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of memory combines aspects of both episodic and semantic memories?

<p>Autobiographical memory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are implicit memories typically characterized?

<p>They impact behavior without conscious recall. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method of retrieving information from long-term memory?

<p>Processing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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