Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a common cause of traumatic brain injury?
Which of the following is a common cause of traumatic brain injury?
- Sitting for long periods
- Listening to loud music
- Eating too quickly
- Falling from height (correct)
What type of skull fracture occurs without bone displacement?
What type of skull fracture occurs without bone displacement?
- Comminuted fracture
- Basal fracture
- Depressed fracture
- Linear fracture (correct)
What is a characteristic of a contusion?
What is a characteristic of a contusion?
- It involves the bruising of the brain. (correct)
- It is only a skull fracture.
- It does not involve bleeding.
- It is a simple scalp injury.
Where is an epidural hematoma located?
Where is an epidural hematoma located?
What is a defining feature of primary brain injury?
What is a defining feature of primary brain injury?
What is Cushing's Triad characterized by?
What is Cushing's Triad characterized by?
What may indicate increased intracranial pressure in a patient?
What may indicate increased intracranial pressure in a patient?
What often follows primary brain injury as a physiological response?
What often follows primary brain injury as a physiological response?
Which description pertains to a basal skull fracture?
Which description pertains to a basal skull fracture?
What symptom is commonly associated with concussion?
What symptom is commonly associated with concussion?
Flashcards
Head Injury
Head Injury
Any injury to the scalp, skull, or brain.
Focal Injury
Focal Injury
Head injury with an identifiable area of involvement.
Scalp Injury
Scalp Injury
Damage to the scalp, often abrasions and lacerations from excessive force.
Skull Fracture
Skull Fracture
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Linear Skull Fracture
Linear Skull Fracture
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Comminuted Skull Fracture
Comminuted Skull Fracture
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Depressed Skull Fracture
Depressed Skull Fracture
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Basal Skull Fracture
Basal Skull Fracture
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Contusion
Contusion
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Hematoma
Hematoma
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Epidural Hematoma (EDH)
Epidural Hematoma (EDH)
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Subdural Hematoma (SDH)
Subdural Hematoma (SDH)
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Subarachnoid Hematoma
Subarachnoid Hematoma
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Intracerebral Hematoma
Intracerebral Hematoma
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Diffuse Brain Injury
Diffuse Brain Injury
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Concussion
Concussion
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Primary Injury
Primary Injury
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Secondary Injury
Secondary Injury
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Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
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Cushing's Triad
Cushing's Triad
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Cerebral Edema
Cerebral Edema
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High ICP
High ICP
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Study Notes
Head Injury
- Head injury: Any injury to the scalp, skull, or brain.
- Common causes: Accidents, falls from heights, alcohol and drug-related incidents.
- Focal Injuries:
- Scalp injury: Excessive force causing abrasions and lacerations.
- Skull fractures: Occur when energy applied to the skull causes bony deformation. Types include Linear, Comminuted, Depressed, and Basal.
- Diffuse Brain Injuries: Involve the entire brain and include concussion.
- Concussion: Non-fatal head injury from blunt trauma, symptoms include dizziness, confusion, headache, and amnesia.
- Hematoma: Types include epidural (EDH) between the skull and dura mater; subdural (SDH) between dura mater and surface of the brain; and subarachnoid, blood in space under arachnoid membrane.
- Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP):
- ICP increase (N > 15 mmHg)
- Cerebral edema related to increased ICP
- Cushing's triad (hypertension, bradycardia, bradypnea).
- Management of Head Injured Patients:
- Initial principles (ABCs): Airway, Breathing, Circulation
- Protect cervical spine
- Patient unconsciousness in left lateral position
- Reduce cerebral edema
- Cervical spine stabilization (collar)
- Prevent secondary injuries (hypoxia, hypercapnia, hypotension)
- Cerebral ischemia (secondary to ICP).
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