Untitled Quiz

Course Information

• Course title: BLDG 480/6241 - Building Information Modeling in Construction
• Course subtitle: Project Scheduling and 4D Simulation
• Instructor: Dr. Jong Won Ma, Assistant Professor
• Department: Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering
• University: Concordia University

Timeline

• Week 1 (9/9): Lecture 1: Course Introduction & Lecture 2: Introduction to BIM
• Week 2 (9/16): Lecture 3: Project setup & Lab 0: Hands-on 3D modeling (Required reading: Chapter 1 – BIM Handbook & Chapters 1-2 – BIM PxP Guide, LoD)
• Week 3 (9/23): No class
• Week 4 (9/30): Lecture 4: Model-based Cost Estimating & Lab 1: Hands-on Model-based Cost Estimating
• Week 5 (10/7): Lecture 5: Project Scheduling and 4D Simulation & Lab 2: Hands-on 4D Simulation
• Week 6 (10/14): No class (Thanksgiving Day)
• Week 7 (10/21): Mid-term Exam & Group Presentations: HW1 (Groups 1-5)
• Week 8 (10/28): Lecture 6: Design Coordination & Lab 3: Hands-on Design Coordination
• Week 9 (11/4): Group Presentations: HW2 (Groups 6-10)
• Week 10 (11/11): Lecture 7: Construction Progress Monitoring Technologies & Lab 4: Hands-on As-built Modeling and Documentation
• Week 11 (11/18): Group Presentations: HW3 (Groups 11-15)
• Week 12 (11/25): Lecture 8: Last Lecture & Guest Lecture – Federico Pensa, Fayolle Canada
• Week 13 (12/2): Group Presentations: HW4 (Groups 16-21) & Final Exam
• Week 14 (12/9): No class

Last Class Recap

• Types of estimates
• Estimate methods per Design Phase
• UniFormat/MasterFormat

Overview

• Planning & Scheduling
• 4D BIM

Planning vs Scheduling

• Planning: Process of determining how a project will be undertaken (What? How? Who? Why? Where? When? How much?)
• Scheduling: Deals with "WHEN" on a detailed level

Why Planning & Scheduling

• Better organization of processes (scope & responsibilities)
• Basis for communication & coordination (e.g., project managers, superintendents, and subcontractors)
• Increased efficiency (by optimizing time and resources)
• Better alignment with project goals (e.g., semi-automation: computer-based progress monitoring & control tracking)

Planning & Scheduling Process

• Establishing the goals & objectives
• Identify project activities
• Determine activity relationships
• Determine activity durations
• Perform schedule calculations
• Revise and adjust
• Monitor and control

Identifying Project Activities

• Activity Types:
  • Production involving labor, materials, and equipment (e.g., erecting steel studs, placing concrete)
  • Procurement: Order, purchase, and deliver materials
  • Administrative and support activities: "secondary" to the construction process (e.g., submit shop drawings, approve shop drawings)
• Use Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
  • Systematic way to break down project components
  • By Area or Trade
  • By Material (MasterFormat) or System (UniFormat)
• Coding System
  • Example: A1-CN-B1010-33000 (Trade, Company Name, System, Area)

Determining Activity Relationships

• 4 Types:
  • Finish-to-Start (FS)
  • Finish-to-Finish (FF)
  • Start-to-Start (SS)
  • Start-to-Finish (SF)
• Lead & Lag
  • Lead: Time an activity precedes a successor
  • Lag: Time an activity must be delayed from a predecessor's start/finish

Determine Activity Durations

• Use past similar projects
• Subcontractor contracts
• Rough estimates using cost data books (e.g., RS Means)
• Software tools like Microsoft Project and Oracle Primavera P6

Perform Schedule Calculations

• Critical Path Method (CPM)
  • Identifying critical activities that control project duration
  • Determining the shortest possible project completion time
  • Types of network diagrams: Activity-on-Node (AON) and Activity-on-Arrow (AOA)
• Bar chart (a Gantt chart) - paired with CPM: visualize schedule, show task progress
• Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT): helps account for uncertainty
• Line of Balance (LOB)
• Multi-Activity Chart (MAC)
• Software tools are needed for larger projects

Revise and Adjust

• Schedule optimization
• Fast-track: Re-sequencing critical activities for parallel performance
• Crashing: Allocating more resources to speed up activities
• Additional Considerations
• Calendars (workdays, holidays)
• Weather
• Crew composition
• Equipment
• Procurement
• Contract compliance

Monitor and Control

• Tracking progress against the plan (as-planned vs as-built)
• Identify problems or delays.

4D BIM

• Developing accurate project plans with time and schedule information linked to the BIM model
• Creating virtual simulations of construction
• Visualizing and monitoring construction development sequentially, spatially and temporally.

4D BIM Applications

• Site logistics: Spatial planning, constructible analysis, logistics management, safety management, crane management.
• Progress monitoring: Track physical progress.
• Waste management
• Forensic analysis: analyzing delays or issues.