Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the benefits of planning and scheduling?
What are the benefits of planning and scheduling?
Better organization of processes, improved communication and coordination, increased efficiency, better alignment with project goals.
Which of these are considered types of activity relationships?
Which of these are considered types of activity relationships?
- Start-to-Start (correct)
- Start-to-Complete
- Finish-to-Middle
- Finish-to-Start (correct)
- Start-to-Finish (correct)
- Finish-to-Finish (correct)
In a Finish-to-Start relationship, Activity A must finish before Activity B can start.
In a Finish-to-Start relationship, Activity A must finish before Activity B can start.
True (A)
The Critical Path Method (CPM) aims to find the shortest path through a network diagram.
The Critical Path Method (CPM) aims to find the shortest path through a network diagram.
What is 4D BIM? Explain its significance in construction.
What is 4D BIM? Explain its significance in construction.
Name three software programs used for scheduling in construction projects.
Name three software programs used for scheduling in construction projects.
What are some applications of 4D BIM in construction?
What are some applications of 4D BIM in construction?
Flashcards
Project Scheduling
Project Scheduling
Determining the sequence and timing of project activities.
4D BIM
4D BIM
BIM that incorporates time/schedule information, creating a virtual construction simulation.
Planning vs. Scheduling
Planning vs. Scheduling
Planning focuses on what, how, who, and why; scheduling focuses on when.
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
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Activity Relationships
Activity Relationships
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Finish-to-Start (FS)
Finish-to-Start (FS)
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Start-to-Start (SS)
Start-to-Start (SS)
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Finish-to-Finish (FF)
Finish-to-Finish (FF)
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Start-to-Finish (SF)
Start-to-Finish (SF)
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Lead Time
Lead Time
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Lag Time
Lag Time
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Critical Path Method (CPM)
Critical Path Method (CPM)
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Critical Path
Critical Path
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Total Float
Total Float
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Free Float
Free Float
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Scheduling Software
Scheduling Software
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Fast-tracking
Fast-tracking
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Crashing
Crashing
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As-Planned vs. As-Built
As-Planned vs. As-Built
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BIM Cost Estimating
BIM Cost Estimating
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4D Simulation
4D Simulation
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Constructability Analysis
Constructability Analysis
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Study Notes
Course Information
- Course title: BLDG 480/6241 - Building Information Modeling in Construction
- Course subtitle: Project Scheduling and 4D Simulation
- Instructor: Dr. Jong Won Ma, Assistant Professor
- Department: Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering
- University: Concordia University
Timeline
- Week 1 (9/9): Lecture 1: Course Introduction & Lecture 2: Introduction to BIM
- Week 2 (9/16): Lecture 3: Project setup & Lab 0: Hands-on 3D modeling (Required reading: Chapter 1 – BIM Handbook & Chapters 1-2 – BIM PxP Guide, LoD)
- Week 3 (9/23): No class
- Week 4 (9/30): Lecture 4: Model-based Cost Estimating & Lab 1: Hands-on Model-based Cost Estimating
- Week 5 (10/7): Lecture 5: Project Scheduling and 4D Simulation & Lab 2: Hands-on 4D Simulation
- Week 6 (10/14): No class (Thanksgiving Day)
- Week 7 (10/21): Mid-term Exam & Group Presentations: HW1 (Groups 1-5)
- Week 8 (10/28): Lecture 6: Design Coordination & Lab 3: Hands-on Design Coordination
- Week 9 (11/4): Group Presentations: HW2 (Groups 6-10)
- Week 10 (11/11): Lecture 7: Construction Progress Monitoring Technologies & Lab 4: Hands-on As-built Modeling and Documentation
- Week 11 (11/18): Group Presentations: HW3 (Groups 11-15)
- Week 12 (11/25): Lecture 8: Last Lecture & Guest Lecture – Federico Pensa, Fayolle Canada
- Week 13 (12/2): Group Presentations: HW4 (Groups 16-21) & Final Exam
- Week 14 (12/9): No class
Last Class Recap
- Types of estimates
- Estimate methods per Design Phase
- UniFormat/MasterFormat
Overview
- Planning & Scheduling
- 4D BIM
Planning vs Scheduling
- Planning: Process of determining how a project will be undertaken (What? How? Who? Why? Where? When? How much?)
- Scheduling: Deals with "WHEN" on a detailed level
Why Planning & Scheduling
- Better organization of processes (scope & responsibilities)
- Basis for communication & coordination (e.g., project managers, superintendents, and subcontractors)
- Increased efficiency (by optimizing time and resources)
- Better alignment with project goals (e.g., semi-automation: computer-based progress monitoring & control tracking)
Planning & Scheduling Process
- Establishing the goals & objectives
- Identify project activities
- Determine activity relationships
- Determine activity durations
- Perform schedule calculations
- Revise and adjust
- Monitor and control
Identifying Project Activities
- Activity Types:
- Production involving labor, materials, and equipment (e.g., erecting steel studs, placing concrete)
- Procurement: Order, purchase, and deliver materials
- Administrative and support activities: "secondary" to the construction process (e.g., submit shop drawings, approve shop drawings)
- Use Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
- Systematic way to break down project components
- By Area or Trade
- By Material (MasterFormat) or System (UniFormat)
- Coding System
- Example: A1-CN-B1010-33000 (Trade, Company Name, System, Area)
Determining Activity Relationships
- 4 Types:
- Finish-to-Start (FS)
- Finish-to-Finish (FF)
- Start-to-Start (SS)
- Start-to-Finish (SF)
- Lead & Lag
- Lead: Time an activity precedes a successor
- Lag: Time an activity must be delayed from a predecessor's start/finish
Determine Activity Durations
- Use past similar projects
- Subcontractor contracts
- Rough estimates using cost data books (e.g., RS Means)
- Software tools like Microsoft Project and Oracle Primavera P6
Perform Schedule Calculations
- Critical Path Method (CPM)
- Identifying critical activities that control project duration
- Determining the shortest possible project completion time
- Types of network diagrams: Activity-on-Node (AON) and Activity-on-Arrow (AOA)
- Bar chart (a Gantt chart) - paired with CPM: visualize schedule, show task progress
- Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT): helps account for uncertainty
- Line of Balance (LOB)
- Multi-Activity Chart (MAC)
- Software tools are needed for larger projects
Revise and Adjust
- Schedule optimization
- Fast-track: Re-sequencing critical activities for parallel performance
- Crashing: Allocating more resources to speed up activities
- Additional Considerations
- Calendars (workdays, holidays)
- Weather
- Crew composition
- Equipment
- Procurement
- Contract compliance
Monitor and Control
- Tracking progress against the plan (as-planned vs as-built)
- Identify problems or delays.
4D BIM
- Developing accurate project plans with time and schedule information linked to the BIM model
- Creating virtual simulations of construction
- Visualizing and monitoring construction development sequentially, spatially and temporally.
4D BIM Applications
- Site logistics: Spatial planning, constructible analysis, logistics management, safety management, crane management.
- Progress monitoring: Track physical progress.
- Waste management
- Forensic analysis: analyzing delays or issues.
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