Common Drugs and Their Uses - CH 13
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Questions and Answers

Match the terms

blocker = another term for an antagonist drug, because antagonists block the action of neurotransmitters homeostasis = the state of equilibrium of the body mimetic = another term for an agonist, because agonists imitate or mimic the action of the neurotransmitter neurotransmitter = chemicals released by nerves that interact with receptors to cause an effect

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analgesia = a state in which pain is not felt even though a painful condition exists antipyertic = reduces fever bactericidal = bacteria killing bacteriostatic = bacteria inhibiting

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protease inhibitor = an antiviral used for HIV that blocks the enzyme responsible for viral replication lymphocytes = a type of white blood cell that helps defend the body against bacteria and diseased cells metastasized = when cancer cells spread beyond their original state neoplasm = a new and abnormal tissue growth, often referring to cancer cells

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<p>remission = a state in which cancer cells are inactive arrhythmia = an abnormal heart rhythm cardiac cycle = the contraction and relaxation of the heart that pumps blood through the cardiovascular system diastolic pressure = the minimum blood pressure when the heart relaxes; the second number in a blood pressure reading</p> Signup and view all the answers

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<p>electrocardiogram (EKG) = a graph of the heart's rhythms embolism, embolus = a clot that has traveled in the bloodstream to a point where it obstructs flow myocardium = heart muscle thrombus = a blood clot</p> Signup and view all the answers

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<p>systolic pressure = the maximum blood pressure when the heart contracts; the first number in a blood pressure reading dermatological = a product used to treat a skin condition integumentary system = the body covering, i.e., skin, hair, and nails anions = negatively charged particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

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<p>cations = positively charges particles dissociation = when a compound breaks down and separates into smaller components electrolytes = substances that in solution form ions that conduct an electrical current ions = electrically charged particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

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<p>extracellular fluid = the fluid outside the body's individual cells found in plasma and tissue fluid interstitial fluid = tissue fluid intracellular fluid = cell fluid chyme = the semiliquid form of food as it enters the intestinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>peristalsis = the waterlike motion of the intestines that move food through them anemia = a decrease in hemoglobin or red blood cells clotting factors = factors in the blood coagulation process fibrin = the fiber that serves as the structure for clot formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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<p>hematopoietics = drugs used to treat anemia hemostatic drugs = drugs that prevent excessive bleeding fibrinogen = Factor 1 endocrine system = a system of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

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<p>hormones = chemicals produced by the body that regulate body functions and processes hyperthyroidism = a condition in which thyroid hormone secretions are above normal; often referred to as an overactive thyroid hypothyroidism = a condition in which thyroid hormone secretions are below normal, often referred to as an underactive thyroid corticosteroid = hormonal steroid substances produced by the cortex of the adrenal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

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<p>diabetes mellitus = a condition in which the body does not produce enough insulin or is unable to use it efficiently glucagon = a hormone that helps convert amino acids to glucose insulin = a hormone that controls the body's use of glucose island (islets) of langerhans = specialized cells of the pancreas that secrete insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

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<p>serum glucose = blood sugar adrogens = male sex characteristic hormones estrogens = female sex characteristic hormones that are involved in calcium and phosphorus conservation progesterone = female sex characteristic hormone involved in ovulation prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

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<p>testosterone = the primary androgen gout = a painful inflammatory condition in which excess uric acid accumulates in the joints osteoarthritis = a disorder characterized by weight-bearing bone deterioration, decreasing range of motion, and causing pain and deformity rheumatoid arthritis = a disease in which the body's immune system attacks joint tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

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<p>uricosuric drugs = drugs used to treat gout that increase the elimination of uric acid glaucoma = abnormally high pressure within the eye, leading to optic nerve damage and loss of vision intraocular = inside the eye mydriatics = drugs that dilate the pupil</p> Signup and view all the answers

A drug's name that describes its structure and compounds is its ________ name

<p>chemical (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ____ designates nonproprietary names for drugs

<p>USAN (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An example of a naturally occurring opiate drug is

<p>morphine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

_______ is an example of an antiviral drug

<p>Valtrex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A term for a state in which cancer cells are inactive is

<p>remission (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ is an example of and ACE inhibitior

<p>Vasotec (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

_______ is an example of an antihyperlipidemic drug

<p>simvastatin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An isotonic solution of sodium chloride

<p>normal saline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An example of an antiemetic is

<p>ondansteron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An example of a stool softener is

<p>docusate sodium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

_______ is the main hormone that controls the body's use of glucose

<p>Insulin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A disorder characterized by weight-bearing bone deterioration, decreasing range of motion, pain, and deformity is

<p>osteoarthritis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these statements is false

<p>Ophthalmic products can never be used in the ear (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A disorder also known as manic depression

<p>bipolar disorder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An example of a sympathomimetic agent used to dilate the bronchi in asthma

<p>albuterol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

MS Contin is an opiate analgesic used to treat severe pain. What is the generic name?

<p>Morphine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Antipyretic drugs are used to reduce fever. An example of an antipyretic drug is

<p>acetaminophen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cocaine is credited by some sources as the first recognized local anesthetic. It is a controlled substance because of its potential for addiction. What is the DEA schedule for cocaine?

<p>II (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about liquid clarithromycin for oral administration is true?

<p>Liquid clarithromycin should not be refrigerated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Loperamide is a/an

<p>antidiarrheal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ranitidine is a histamine receptor antagonist that is most commonly used for

<p>gastric acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Maalox contains

<p>magnesium hydroxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ is used to treat diabetes

<p>canagliflozin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Accidental overdose by products containing this hematological drug is the leading cause of fatal poisoning in children under the age of 6

<p>iron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ is available in a tablet, cream, and aerosol

<p>triamcinolone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Medroxyprogesterone is a/an

<p>progestin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Allopurinol is used to treat

<p>gout (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

_______ is used to treat Parkinson's disease

<p>Selegiline (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Metipranolol is used for

<p>glaucoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about tetracyclines is NOT true

<p>Tetracyclines are used to treat parasitic worms in the GI tract (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient has been prescribed Bactrim. What is an important caution for this prescription?

<p>It is important to drink plenty of water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An example of a diuretic that can cause hypokalemia is

<p>furosemide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of cardiovascular agents is most often associated with the side effect of coughing

<p>ACE inhibitors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of drugs is most likely to cause hyperkalemia

<p>ACE inhibitors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which product should be dispensed in a glass container

<p>Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Patients taking warfarin should carefully check all OTC products to be sure they are not inadvertently taking

<p>aspirin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

_______ is available in a tablet, cream, lotion, and injection

<p>Hydrocortisone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The major cation in the fluid outside of the cells that regulates the amount of water in the body is

<p>sodium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The name for the cation in Klor-Con is

<p>potassium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lactated Ringer's solution is

<p>isotonic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Once a suggested noproprietary name for a drug is officially approved, it becomes the generic name of the drug

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Meperidene is a naturally occuring opiate

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Medullary paralysis is associated with an overdose of analgesic

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ringworm is a type of fungal infection

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vasopressors are used to treat hypertension

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Some antacids have significant drug interactions with tetracyclines

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hematopoietic drugs are used to treat excessive bleeding

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Insulin is a cure for diabetes

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Calcium channel blockers are sometimes used to prevent migraine headaches

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Meprobamate is a barbiturate

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ designates nonproprietary names for drugs

<p>USAN (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ is a neurotransmitter

<p>epinephrine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A common, naturally occuring opiate type drug

<p>codiene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An inhalation anesthetic is

<p>isoflurane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An antifungal drug is

<p>nystatin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term used to denote the presence of a life-threatening cancerous group of cells or tumor is

<p>malignant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Drugs that decrease blood pressure by decreasing blood volume are called

<p>diuretics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Drugs that act to increase blood pressure are

<p>vasopressors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A type of skin cancer

<p>basal cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A histamine receptor antagonist

<p>famotidine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A commonly ordered stool softener is

<p>docustate sodium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

_______ is used for vitamin B12 deficiency

<p>cyanocobalamin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A posterior lobe hormone of the pituitary gland

<p>oxytocin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A drug that reduces uric acid and is used to treat gout is

<p>allopurinol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A drug commonly used to treat epilepsy is

<p>phenobarbital (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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