Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the nervous system control and coordinate?
What does the nervous system control and coordinate?
The nervous system controls and coordinates all the body functions.
What does the nervous system monitor?
What does the nervous system monitor?
The nervous system monitors internal and external stimuli such as touch, smell, sound, blood pressure, and body position.
What is the role of the nervous system in maintaining homeostasis?
What is the role of the nervous system in maintaining homeostasis?
The nervous system is very important in helping to maintain the homeostasis (balance) of the human body.
What do sensory receptors work with to provide information about changes in the internal and external environments?
What do sensory receptors work with to provide information about changes in the internal and external environments?
What is the basic building block of the nervous system?
What is the basic building block of the nervous system?
Neurons are similar to other cells in the human body in a number of ways.
Neurons are similar to other cells in the human body in a number of ways.
What is the key difference between neurons and other cells?
What is the key difference between neurons and other cells?
What is the function of neuroglia?
What is the function of neuroglia?
What do neuroglia maintain?
What do neuroglia maintain?
Where are neuroglia located?
Where are neuroglia located?
What are the two major parts of the nervous system?
What are the two major parts of the nervous system?
What is the definition of the central nervous system (CNS)?
What is the definition of the central nervous system (CNS)?
What is the CNS composed of?
What is the CNS composed of?
What is the function of the CNS?
What is the function of the CNS?
What can damage to the CNS lead to?
What can damage to the CNS lead to?
What is the definition of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
What is the definition of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
What does the PNS consist of?
What does the PNS consist of?
What are the two main divisions of the PNS?
What are the two main divisions of the PNS?
What protects the CNS?
What protects the CNS?
What does the central nervous system (CNS) consist of?
What does the central nervous system (CNS) consist of?
What is the central nervous system responsible for?
What is the central nervous system responsible for?
The physical structures in the CNS allow us to experience thought, emotion, and sensation.
The physical structures in the CNS allow us to experience thought, emotion, and sensation.
Body movements are coordinated by the CNS.
Body movements are coordinated by the CNS.
What is the brain made up of?
What is the brain made up of?
Where is the brain protected?
Where is the brain protected?
What is the role of the brain?
What is the role of the brain?
What are some of the main functions of the brain?
What are some of the main functions of the brain?
What are the three main parts of the brain based on position?
What are the three main parts of the brain based on position?
What is the midbrain?
What is the midbrain?
The midbrain is considered one of the most important components of the CNS.
The midbrain is considered one of the most important components of the CNS.
Where are neuronal transmissions relayed to and/or from the brain?
Where are neuronal transmissions relayed to and/or from the brain?
What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?
What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?
The peripheral nervous system includes long nerve fibers and ganglia.
The peripheral nervous system includes long nerve fibers and ganglia.
What does the peripheral nervous system connect?
What does the peripheral nervous system connect?
What is the role of the somatic nervous system?
What is the role of the somatic nervous system?
What are the two major types of neurons in the somatic nervous system?
What are the two major types of neurons in the somatic nervous system?
What is the function of sensory neurons?
What is the function of sensory neurons?
Where is the autonomic nervous system located?
Where is the autonomic nervous system located?
The parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems are considered opposite to each other.
The parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems are considered opposite to each other.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system associated with?
What is the parasympathetic nervous system associated with?
What is the sympathetic nervous system responsible for?
What is the sympathetic nervous system responsible for?
What does the sympathetic nervous system do to the body?
What does the sympathetic nervous system do to the body?
What happens when the sympathetic nervous system is activated?
What happens when the sympathetic nervous system is activated?
What are the functions of the sympathetic nervous system?
What are the functions of the sympathetic nervous system?
What is the importance of the sympathetic nervous system?
What is the importance of the sympathetic nervous system?
Flashcards
Nervous System
Nervous System
The body system that controls and coordinates all functions, monitoring internal/external stimuli.
Neuron
Neuron
A nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system, specialized to transmit information.
Neuroglia
Neuroglia
Supporting cells for neurons, maintaining myelin sheath, providing nutrients and homeostasis within CNS and PNS.
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
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Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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Brain
Brain
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Somatic Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System
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Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
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Sympathetic Nervous System
Sympathetic Nervous System
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Parasympathetic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous System
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Homeostasis
Homeostasis
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Sensory Neuron
Sensory Neuron
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Motor Neuron
Motor Neuron
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Study Notes
Coordinated Functions of the Nervous, Endocrine, and Reproductive Systems
- The nervous system controls and coordinates all body functions, monitors internal and external stimuli (touch, smell, sound, blood pressure, body position).
- The nervous system is vital for maintaining homeostasis in the human body.
- Sensory receptors work with the nervous system to provide information on internal and external environmental changes.
- A neuron is the basic building block of the nervous system, similar to other body cells but specialized in transmitting information.
- Neuroglia are supportive cells of neurons, maintaining myelin sheath, providing nutrient support, and retaining homeostasis.
The Nervous System
- The nervous system has two major divisions:
- Central Nervous System (CNS): The brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing, comprehending and executing information. Damage can cause global damage.
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Connects the CNS to the rest of the body, transmitting information from the body to the CNS and vice-versa. Damage often is localized.
The Cell of the Nervous System
- The basic unit is a neuron.
- Parts include dendrites (receive messages from other cells), axon (passes messages away from the cell body), myelin sheath (insulates the axon), neural impulse (electrical signal), and terminal branches of axon (form junctions with other cells).
Neuroglia
- Neuroglia are supportive cells for neurons.
- Types include astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, satellite cells, and Schwann cells.
Parts of the Nervous System
- Parts of the CNS: brain and spinal cord.
- Protected by skull and vertebral column.
- The brain processes sensory information, regulates blood pressure and breathing, and releases hormones.
- The brain is divided into forebrain (front), midbrain (middle), and hindbrain (back), and into four lobes (frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital).
The Peripheral Nervous System
- The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is composed of nerves and ganglia, including cranial and spinal nerves.
- The PNS connects the CNS to various parts of the body.
- Sensory and motor cranial nerves function in different ways, each with specific tasks.
- Sensory and motor nerves from the spinal cord also have defined categories and functions by location in the spinal cord.
Two Divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System
- Somatic Nervous System (SNS):
- Controls voluntary muscle movements
- Composed of cranial and spinal nerves
- Uses neurotransmitters
- Acts on skeletal muscles
- Needs one neuron for signal transmission
- Autonomic Nervous System (ANS):
- Controls involuntary functions
- Includes sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
- Acts on smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands
- Needs two neurons for signal transmission
The Somatic Nervous System
- Carries sensory and motor information to and from the CNS.
- Sensory neurons carry information from the body to the CNS.
- Motor neurons carry information from the brain and spinal cord to muscles.
The Autonomic Nervous System
- Lies mostly outside the CNS.
- Contains craniosacral (parasympathetic) and thoracolumbar (sympathetic) parts.
- Maintains balance within the body
- Parasympathetic (rest and digest).
- Sympathetic ("fight or flight").
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