Python Strings and Numbers

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Questions and Answers

Which function would you use to determine the number of characters in a string?

  • str()
  • size()
  • count()
  • len() (correct)

The upper() function modifies a string in place, changing all characters to uppercase.

False (B)

What is the purpose of the strip() function in Python?

remove whitespace

To split a string into a list of substrings, you would use the ______() function.

<p>split</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following functions with their descriptions:

<p>int() = Converts a value to an integer float() = Converts a value to a floating-point number round() = Rounds a number to a specified number of decimal places abs() = Returns the absolute value of a number</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following functions returns both the quotient and the remainder of a division operation?

<p>divmod() (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The max() function can only be used with numerical lists.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you add an element to the end of a list in Python?

<p>append()</p> Signup and view all the answers

To insert an item at a specific position in a list, you would use the ______() method.

<p>insert</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which list method removes and returns an item from a specified index?

<p>pop() (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sort() method creates a new sorted list without modifying the original list.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the .keys() method when used with a dictionary?

<p>get all keys/return all keys</p> Signup and view all the answers

To add multiple key-value pairs to a dictionary at once, or to update existing values, you can use the ______() method.

<p>update</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which operator is used to check if a key exists in a dictionary?

<p>in (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The input() function always returns an integer value.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function is used to determine the data type of a variable in Python?

<p>type()</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______() function is used to create a sequence of numbers, often used in loops.

<p>range</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function combines multiple lists into a single iterable of tuples?

<p>zip() (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The all() function returns True if any of the elements in an iterable are True.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What keywords are used to handle conditional execution in Python?

<p>if, elif, else</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

len()

Returns the length of a string.

str()

Converts other data types into a string.

lower()

Converts a string to lowercase.

upper()

Converts a string to uppercase.

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capitalize()

Capitalizes the first letter of a string.

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title()

Capitalizes the first letter of each word in a string.

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split()

Splits a string into a list of substrings.

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join()

Joins a list of strings into a single string.

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replace()

Replaces specified characters or words in a string.

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find()

Finds the index of a substring within a string.

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strip()

Removes whitespace from the beginning and end of a string.

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count()

Counts occurrences of a substring or character in a string.

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int()

Converts a value to an integer.

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float()

Converts a value to a floating-point number.

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round()

Rounds a number to a specified number of decimal places.

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abs()

Returns the absolute value of a number.

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pow(x, y)

Returns x raised to the power of y.

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max()

Returns the largest item in an iterable or the largest of two or more arguments.

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min()

Returns the smallest item in an iterable or the smallest of two or more arguments.

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sum()

Calculates the sum of all items in an iterable.

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Study Notes

Strings

  • len() gets the length of a string
  • str() converts other data types to strings
  • lower() converts a string to lowercase
  • upper() converts a string to uppercase
  • capitalize() capitalizes the first letter of a string
  • title() capitalizes the first letter of each word in a string
  • split() splits a string into a list
  • join() joins a list into a string
  • replace() replaces characters or words in a string
  • find() finds the index of a substring within a string
  • strip() removes whitespace from a string
  • count() counts occurrences of a substring or character in a string

Numbers

  • int() converts a value to an integer
  • float() converts a value to a float
  • round() rounds a number
  • abs() returns the absolute value of a number
  • pow(x, y) raises x to the power of y
  • max() finds the largest number, while min() finds the smallest number
  • sum() sums the values in a list
  • divmod(a, b) returns the quotient and remainder of a division

Lists

  • len() Returns the number of items in a list
  • list() converts other iterables to a list
  • append() adds an item to the end of a list
  • insert() inserts an item at a specific index in a list
  • pop() removes and returns an item by its index
  • remove() removes an item by its value
  • sort() sorts items in place, while sorted() returns a new sorted list
  • reverse() reverses the order of items in a list
  • count() counts the occurrences of a value in a list
  • index() gets the index of a value in a list

Dictionaries

  • dict() creates a dictionary
  • .get() retrieves a value with a fallback if the key is not found
  • .keys() retrieves all keys in the dictionary
  • .values() retrieves all values in the dictionary
  • .items() retrieves all (key, value) pairs in the dictionary
  • .update() adds or updates entries in the dictionary
  • .pop() removes an item by key
  • in checks if a key exists in the dictionary

Logic & Utilities

  • input() gets user input
  • print() prints output to the console
  • type() checks the variable type
  • isinstance() checks if a variable is of a certain type
  • range() creates a sequence of numbers
  • enumerate() gets both the index and value when looping
  • zip() combines multiple lists
  • all() returns True if all items in an iterable are True
  • any() returns True if any item in an iterable is True

Loops and Conditions

  • range() is used in for-loops to generate a sequence of numbers
  • break and continue are loop control keywords
  • if, elif, and else are used for conditionals

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