Python Data Types and Functions Quiz
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Python Data Types and Functions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What will be the output of the expression f1(4)?

  • ERROR
  • 6
  • 4
  • 8 (correct)

    • What will be the value of the expression f1(2) + f1(1)?

  • ERROR
  • 6 (correct)
  • 4
  • 5

    • What will be the result of the expression f1(x + 1) where x is assigned the value 4?

  • 10
  • 8
  • 9 (correct)
  • ERROR

    • What will be the value of x after the expression x = 4 is evaluated?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the function f2 return when called with f2(3, 2)?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will the variable r be after executing the code snippet that includes the definition of f2?

    <p>ERROR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will the output be of the expression 'cat' in L after executing L = ['c', 'a', 't']?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Python expression correctly translates the propositional logic (¬(¬p)) ⇔ p?

    <p>not not p</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the expression len(L) == len('cat') after L = ['c', 'a', 't']?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following Python expressions accurately represents the propositional logic expression ((p ∨ q) ∧ ¬p) ⇒ q?

    <p>((p or q) and not p) or q</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After executing d = {x: x * 3 for x in [1, 2, 3]}, what will be the contents of the dictionary d?

    <p>{1: 3, 2: 6, 3: 9}</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will be the output of the statement d == {2: 6, 3: 9, 1: 3} after d has been assigned the dictionary created previously?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function will return the smallest value in the list defined as numbers_list = [x for x in range(5, 50)]?

    <p>min(numbers_list)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the output of max(numbers_list) represent after executing numbers_list = [x for x in range(5, 50)]?

    <p>49</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected output of str.upper(gl) where gl = 'good luck, we're rooting for you!'?

    <p>'GOOD LUCK, WE'RE ROOTING FOR YOU!'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will be the output of the expression 'good' in gl?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the function get_uppercase return when given the input ['Good', 'CODE', 'is its own', 'BEST', 'documentation.']?

    <p>['BEST', 'CODE']</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the check_scores function, what will it return if the input is [95, 115]?

    <p>'Good work'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the any() function in the check_scores function?

    <p>To determine if at least one score meets a criterion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will the function return when provided with an input of [5, 10, 15, 20] in check_scores?

    <p>'Better luck next time'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the check_scores function is true?

    <p>It processes a list of integers and generates messages based on their values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected output of check_scores([115, 160, 130])?

    <p>'Great work'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the function get_uppercase, what is a key requirement for a string to be included in the resulting list?

    <p>The string must be entirely in uppercase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the check_all variable in the check_scores function signify?

    <p>It checks if all scores are above 100.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected output of the function get_common_numbers if both inputs do not have common elements?

    <p>An empty set</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the Fibonacci sequence as noted in the content?

    <p>Each number is the sum of the two previous numbers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the precondition for the function is_fibonacci to operate correctly?

    <p>The length of the list must be greater than 2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the function get_common_numbers, what type of data structure should the return type be?

    <p>Set</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential reason that the current implementation of is_fibonacci might fail for certain inputs?

    <p>It does not correctly evaluate the Fibonacci condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be a correct sample input for the test case test_is_fibonacci_error?

    <p>[0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about built-in functions/methods in Python can be inferred from the hints given in the content?

    <p>Built-in functions can aid in writing efficient functionality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What Python function will check if all elements in a sequence meet a specific condition, as used in is_fibonacci?

    <p>all()</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected output of calling is_fibonacci([0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21])?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a precondition stated for the is_fibonacci function?

    <p>len(s) must be greater than 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mistake is potentially present in the is_fibonacci implementation?

    <p>The initial values of the Fibonacci sequence are reversed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the function is_fibonacci is correctly implemented, what output will is_fibonacci([0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]) produce?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of Fibonacci sequence definitions, which of the following statements is true?

    <p>Every number after the second is the sum of the previous two numbers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'divisibility predicate' refer to in the given content?

    <p>A statement that defines a condition where one integer is divisible by another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents an example of a number n being divisible by n squared, as stated in the context?

    <p>n | n² + n</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the output of the function assert actual == expected signify?

    <p>It checks if the actual output matches the expected output.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Data Types and Expressions

    • 'cat' in L evaluates to False because the list L does not contain the string 'cat', only the characters 'c', 'a', and 't'.
    • len(L) == len('cat') evaluates to True because both L and 'cat' have a length of 3.
    • d == {2: 6, 3: 9, 1: 3} evaluates to True due to the dictionary comprehension assignment where each element x in the list [1, 2, 3] is mapped to x * 3.
    • d evaluates to {1: 3, 2: 6, 3: 9} because dictionaries are unordered.
    • min(numbers_list) evaluates to 5 as numbers_list contains numbers from 5 to 49.
    • max(numbers_list) evaluates to 49 as numbers_list contains numbers from 5 to 49.
    • str.upper(gl) evaluates to 'GOOD LUCK, WE'RE ROOTING FOR YOU!' because the upper() method converts all characters in the string to uppercase.
    • 'good' in gl evaluates to True as the substring 'good' is present in the string gl.

    Function Basics

    • f1(4) evaluates to 8 due to the function definition f1(x: int) -> int: return x * 2.
    • f1(2) + f1(1) evaluates to 6 because f1(2) returns 4 and f1(1) returns 2, summing to 6.
    • f1(x + 1) evaluates to 10 because x is 4, so x + 1 is 5, and f1(5) returns 10.
    • x still evaluates to 4 as the function f1 does not modify the global variable x.
    • f2(3, 2) evaluates to True because f1(3) returns 6, 6 % 2 is 0, and r == 0 is True.
    • r is undefined in this context as it is a local variable within the f2 function.

    Symbolic Logic and Python Translation

    • All cute animals are fluffy: ∀a ∈ A, IsCute(a) ⇒ IsFluffy(a)
    • At least one cute animal is fluffy: ∃a ∈ A, IsCute(a) ∧ IsFluffy(a)
    • (¬(¬p)) ⇔ p: (not (not p)) == p
    • ((p ∨ q) ∧ ¬p) ⇒ q: ((p or q) and not p) == q

    Filtering Collections and String Methods

    • def get_uppercase(lst: list[str]) -> list[str]:
      • return sorted([s for s in lst if s.isupper()])

    If Statements

    • def check_scores(scores: list[int]) -> str:
      • check_all = all([score >= 100 for score in scores])
      • check_at_least_one = any([score >= 100 for score in scores])
      • if check_all:
        • return 'Great work'
      • elif check_at_least_one:
        • return 'Good work'
      • else:
        • return 'Better luck next time'

    Function Design Recipe - get_common_numbers

    • def get_common_numbers(L1: list[int], L2: list[int]) -> set[int]:
      • """Return a set containing the common numbers in L1 and L2 (i.e., those numbers present in both lists).
      • >>> L1 = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
      • >>> L2 = [60, 70, 80, 30, 10]
      • >>> numbers = get_common_numbers(L1, L2)
      • >>> numbers == {10, 30}
      • True
      • >>> L1 = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
      • >>> L2 = [60, 70, 80]
      • >>> get_common_numbers(L1, L2)
      • set()
      • """
      • return set(L1) & set(L2)

    Debugging and Testing - is_fibonacci

    • def test_is_fibonacci_error() -> None:
      • """A test case for is_fibonacci that reveals an error in the given implementation.If we ran this test with pytest and the current implementation, we would expect
      • this test to *fail* because of the error in the function body."""
      • actual = is_fibonacci([0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34])
      • expected = False
      • assert actual == expected
    • Error: The original implementation fails to validate the first two elements of the list.
    • def is_fibonacci(s: list[int]) -> bool:
      • """Return whether list s contains the Fibonacci sequence of length len(s).The Fibonacci sequence of length n is the sequence of n numbers
      • 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13,...Every number after the second is the sum of the previous two numbers.The first number must be 0 and the second number must be 1.Preconditions:
      • - len(s) > 2
      • >>> is_fibonacci([0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21])
      • True
      • >>> is_fibonacci([0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81])
      • False
      • """
      • return s[0] == 0 and s[1] == 1 and all([s[i + 2] == s[i] + s[i + 1] for i in range(0, len(s) - 2)])

    Proofs

    • Statement (1) rewritten: ∃k ∈ Z, n = k * n
    • Proof: To prove the statement, we need to show that there exists an integer k for any integer n such that n = k * n.
      • Choosing k = 1, we get: n = 1 * n which holds true for any integer n.
      • Therefore, the statement ∀n ∈ Z, n | n2 + n is proven.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of Python data types and expressions with this quiz! Explore concepts such as lists, dictionaries, and string methods. Understand function basics and evaluate expressions relating to the different data structures in Python.

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