Python Basics Quiz

Python Basics

Introduction to Python
- High-level, interpreted programming language.
- Emphasizes code readability and simplicity.
- Supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming.
Installation
- Download from the official Python website.
- Use package managers like pip for installing additional packages.
Basic Syntax
- Comments: Use # for single-line comments and ''' or """ for multi-line comments.
- Variables: Dynamically typed; no need to declare types. Example: x = 5
Data Types
- Numbers: Integer (int), Float (float), Complex (complex).
- Strings: Enclosed in single or double quotes. Example: s = "Hello"
- Booleans: True or False.
Control Structures
- Conditional Statements: if, elif, else for branching logic.
- Loops:
  - for loop: Iterates over a sequence (e.g., list, string).
  - while loop: Repeats as long as a condition is true.
Functions
- Defined using the def keyword. Example:
```
def my_function(param):
    return param * 2
```
- Can have default arguments and variable-length arguments (*args and **kwargs).
Data Structures
- Lists: Ordered, mutable collection. Example: my_list = [1, 2, 3]
- Tuples: Ordered, immutable collection. Example: my_tuple = (1, 2, 3)
- Sets: Unordered collection of unique elements. Example: my_set = {1, 2, 3}
- Dictionaries: Key-value pairs. Example: my_dict = {'key': 'value'}
Input and Output
- Input: Use input() function to take user input.
- Output: Use print() function to display output.
Error Handling
- Use try, except blocks to handle exceptions gracefully.
Modules and Libraries
- Use import statement to include external modules.
- Python’s standard library includes modules for various tasks (e.g., math, datetime).
File Handling
- Open files using open() function, with modes like r (read), w (write), a (append). Example:
```
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:
    content = file.read()
```
Basic Object-Oriented Programming
- Define classes using the class keyword.
- Support for inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism.
Common Python Functions
- len(): Returns the length of an object.
- str(), int(), float(): Conversion functions.
Indentation
- Indentation is crucial; it defines code blocks instead of braces or keywords.

These basics provide a solid foundation for writing and understanding Python code.

Introduction to Python

High-level, interpreted language prioritizing readability and simplicity.
Supports procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming paradigms.

Installation

Download Python from the official website for local use.
Utilize package managers like pip to install additional libraries and packages.

Basic Syntax

Single-line comments initiated with #; multi-line comments enclosed in ''' or """.
Variables are dynamically typed, eliminating the need for explicit type declaration. Example: x = 5.

Data Types

Numbers: Includes three types - Integer (int), Float (float), Complex (complex).
Strings: Defined by text within single or double quotes. Example: s = "Hello".
Booleans: Represent two possible values: True or False.

Control Structures

Conditional Statements: Employ if, elif, and else to handle decision-making logic.
Loops:
- for loops iterate over sequences such as lists or strings.
- while loops continue execution as long as a specified condition remains true.

Functions

Defined using def keyword. Example:

def my_function(param):
    return param * 2

Support for default arguments and variable-length parameters with *args and **kwargs.

Data Structures

Lists: Ordered and mutable collections. Example: my_list = [1, 2, 3].
Tuples: Ordered and immutable collections. Example: my_tuple = (1, 2, 3).
Sets: Collections of unique, unordered elements. Example: my_set = {1, 2, 3}.
Dictionaries: Structures that store key-value pairs. Example: my_dict = {'key': 'value'}.

Input and Output

Input: Capture user input using the input() function.
Output: Display results with the print() function.

Error Handling

Use try and except blocks to manage exceptions gracefully.

Modules and Libraries

Incorporate external modules using the import statement.
The standard library offers numerous modules for various tasks, such as math and datetime.

File Handling

Use open() to access files, specifying modes like r for reading, w for writing, and a for appending. Example:
```
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:
    content = file.read()
```