Python 3 Data Types

Integers

• In Python 3, integers are whole numbers, either positive, negative, or zero.
• They are defined using the int data type.
• Examples: 1, -5, 0
• Integers can be used in arithmetic operations:
  • Addition: a + b
  • Subtraction: a - b
  • Multiplication: a * b
  • Division: a / b (returns a float)
  • Modulus (remainder): a % b

Floats

• In Python 3, floats are decimal numbers, either positive, negative, or zero.
• They are defined using the float data type.
• Examples: 3.14, -0.5, 0.0
• Floats can be used in arithmetic operations:
  • Addition: a + b
  • Subtraction: a - b
  • Multiplication: a * b
  • Division: a / b
  • Modulus (remainder): a % b
• Floats can also be expressed in scientific notation: 1.23e-4

Strings

• In Python 3, strings are sequences of characters, such as letters, digits, or symbols.
• They are defined using the str data type.
• Strings can be enclosed in single quotes 'hello' or double quotes "hello".
• Strings can be concatenated using the + operator: 'hello' + 'world'
• Strings can be indexed and sliced:
  • Indexing: my_string[0] returns the first character
  • Slicing: my_string[1:4] returns a substring from index 1 to 4 (exclusive)

Lists

• In Python 3, lists are ordered collections of items, such as integers, floats, or strings.
• They are defined using the list data type.
• Lists are denoted by square brackets [] and elements are separated by commas.
• Examples: [1, 2, 3], ['a', 'b', 'c'], [1, 'hello', 3.14]
• Lists can be indexed and sliced:
  • Indexing: my_list[0] returns the first element
  • Slicing: my_list[1:3] returns a sublist from index 1 to 3 (exclusive)
• Lists can be manipulated using methods:
  • append() adds an element to the end of the list
  • insert() inserts an element at a specified position
  • remove() removes the first occurrence of an element
  • sort() sorts the list in ascending order