Pyramidal Cells and Stellate Neurons in Cerebral Cortex
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Questions and Answers

What type of neurons serve as the only excitatory neurons in the cerebellar cortex?

  • Ganglion cells
  • Golgi cells
  • Purkinje cells
  • Granule cells (correct)
  • Which layer of the cerebellar cortex contains Purkinje cells that receive excitatory input from climbing fibers and parallel fibers?

  • Molecular layer
  • Ganglion cell layer (correct)
  • Deep cerebellar nuclei
  • Granular cell layer
  • What is the neurotransmitter primarily used by the granule cells in the cerebellar cortex?

  • Acetylcholine
  • Dopamine
  • Serotonin
  • Glutamate (correct)
  • Which type of fibers terminate on granule cells and send excitatory stimuli to Purkinje cells?

    <p>Mossy fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the cerebellar medulla receives afferent axons from the cerebral cortex, pons, spinal cord, and vestibular nuclei?

    <p>Deep cerebellar nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cell type found in the white matter surrounding the gray matter of the spinal cord?

    <p>Oligodendrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neurons have axons that exit the cortex and travel through white matter to the spinal cord?

    <p>Pyramidal neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nuclei from lateral to medial are part of the deep cerebellar nuclei?

    <p>Dentate, emboliform, globose, and fastigial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of neurons are located in the anterior horns of the gray matter in the spinal cord?

    <p>Motor neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specific area of the spinal cord contains myelinated axon tracts running along its length?

    <p>White commissure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cerebellar cortex?

    <p>Sending inhibitory impulses to the cerebellar nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the cerebellar cortex contains basket cells, astrocytes, and parallel fibers?

    <p>Molecular layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the spinal cord contains interneurons that receive sensory fibers?

    <p>Posterior horns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of the large motor neurons in the ventral horns of the spinal cord indicates extensive protein synthesis?

    <p>Prominent nucleoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells in the cerebellum are primarily inhibitory, except for granule cells?

    <p>Purkinje cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of connective tissue separates the dura mater from the periosteum of the vertebrae around the spinal cord?

    <p>Epidural space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of climbing fibers that terminate on Purkinje cells?

    <p>Inferior olivary nuclei of the medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the axons of stellate neurons project to within the central nervous system?

    <p>Cerebellar nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the small central canal in the spinal cord?

    <p>Contains CSF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system?

    <p>Myelination of axons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Cerebellar Cortex?

    <p>Processing sensory information and coordinating voluntary motor movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are abundant in Gray Matter?

    <p>Neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, astrocytes, and microglial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates White Matter from Gray Matter in the CNS?

    <p>The main components of White Matter are myelinated axons, while Gray Matter has neuronal cell bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for regulating heart rate and blood pressure in the CNS?

    <p>Cerebellar Medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are most synapses likely to occur within the brain?

    <p>Gray Matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are found in the external granular layer of the cortex?

    <p>Stellate cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the cortex is the termination area of thalamocortical projections?

    <p>Internal granular layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates the pyramidal neurons in layer V from other layers of the cortex?

    <p>Their axons contribute to efferent projections extending to other regions of the CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of stellate cells in the cerebral cortex?

    <p>They are interneurons within the cerebral cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the cortex contains large pyramidal cells giving rise to axons forming corticospinal tracts?

    <p>Internal pyramidal layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the cerebral cortex is characterized by small pyramidal and stellate neurons?

    <p>Outer granular layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which cortical layer are the pyramidal neurons larger due to their axonal projections extending to other regions of the CNS?

    <p>Ganglionic layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the cerebral cortex has densely packed stellate neurons?

    <p>Inner granular layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do pyramidal neurons in layer V of motor cortices send projections?

    <p>To motor neurons in the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the cerebral cortex has a mixture of small pyramidal and stellate neurons?

    <p>Multiform cell layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

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