Pyramidal Cells and Stellate Neurons in Cerebral Cortex
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Questions and Answers

What type of neurons serve as the only excitatory neurons in the cerebellar cortex?

  • Ganglion cells
  • Golgi cells
  • Purkinje cells
  • Granule cells (correct)

Which layer of the cerebellar cortex contains Purkinje cells that receive excitatory input from climbing fibers and parallel fibers?

  • Molecular layer
  • Ganglion cell layer (correct)
  • Deep cerebellar nuclei
  • Granular cell layer

What is the neurotransmitter primarily used by the granule cells in the cerebellar cortex?

  • Acetylcholine
  • Dopamine
  • Serotonin
  • Glutamate (correct)

Which type of fibers terminate on granule cells and send excitatory stimuli to Purkinje cells?

<p>Mossy fibers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the cerebellar medulla receives afferent axons from the cerebral cortex, pons, spinal cord, and vestibular nuclei?

<p>Deep cerebellar nuclei (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cell type found in the white matter surrounding the gray matter of the spinal cord?

<p>Oligodendrocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of neurons have axons that exit the cortex and travel through white matter to the spinal cord?

<p>Pyramidal neurons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nuclei from lateral to medial are part of the deep cerebellar nuclei?

<p>Dentate, emboliform, globose, and fastigial (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of neurons are located in the anterior horns of the gray matter in the spinal cord?

<p>Motor neurons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which specific area of the spinal cord contains myelinated axon tracts running along its length?

<p>White commissure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cerebellar cortex?

<p>Sending inhibitory impulses to the cerebellar nuclei (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the cerebellar cortex contains basket cells, astrocytes, and parallel fibers?

<p>Molecular layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the spinal cord contains interneurons that receive sensory fibers?

<p>Posterior horns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of the large motor neurons in the ventral horns of the spinal cord indicates extensive protein synthesis?

<p>Prominent nucleoli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells in the cerebellum are primarily inhibitory, except for granule cells?

<p>Purkinje cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of connective tissue separates the dura mater from the periosteum of the vertebrae around the spinal cord?

<p>Epidural space (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of climbing fibers that terminate on Purkinje cells?

<p>Inferior olivary nuclei of the medulla (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the axons of stellate neurons project to within the central nervous system?

<p>Cerebellar nuclei (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the small central canal in the spinal cord?

<p>Contains CSF (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system?

<p>Myelination of axons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Cerebellar Cortex?

<p>Processing sensory information and coordinating voluntary motor movements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are abundant in Gray Matter?

<p>Neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, astrocytes, and microglial cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates White Matter from Gray Matter in the CNS?

<p>The main components of White Matter are myelinated axons, while Gray Matter has neuronal cell bodies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for regulating heart rate and blood pressure in the CNS?

<p>Cerebellar Medulla (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are most synapses likely to occur within the brain?

<p>Gray Matter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are found in the external granular layer of the cortex?

<p>Stellate cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the cortex is the termination area of thalamocortical projections?

<p>Internal granular layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates the pyramidal neurons in layer V from other layers of the cortex?

<p>Their axons contribute to efferent projections extending to other regions of the CNS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of stellate cells in the cerebral cortex?

<p>They are interneurons within the cerebral cortex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the cortex contains large pyramidal cells giving rise to axons forming corticospinal tracts?

<p>Internal pyramidal layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the cerebral cortex is characterized by small pyramidal and stellate neurons?

<p>Outer granular layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which cortical layer are the pyramidal neurons larger due to their axonal projections extending to other regions of the CNS?

<p>Ganglionic layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the cerebral cortex has densely packed stellate neurons?

<p>Inner granular layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do pyramidal neurons in layer V of motor cortices send projections?

<p>To motor neurons in the spinal cord (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the cerebral cortex has a mixture of small pyramidal and stellate neurons?

<p>Multiform cell layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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