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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of static analysis in seismic design?

  • To model dynamic load effects directly from real earthquake records.
  • To estimate equivalent lateral seismic loads based on system weight. (correct)
  • To enhance the accuracy of seismic load predictions.
  • To formulate response spectra for different seismic scenarios.

Which approach uses a set of specific earthquake ground motion records?

  • Dynamic Analysis (correct)
  • Response Spectrum Analysis
  • Design Response Spectrum
  • Static Analysis

What does the natural angular frequency of a structure depend on?

  • The material properties of the structure.
  • The foundation depth of the structure.
  • The weight and damping of the structure.
  • The stiffness and mass of the structure. (correct)

Which of the following is NOT an objective of this chapter?

<p>Assess the structural damage after an earthquake. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main output of deriving the equation of motion in the context of this lesson?

<p>To analyze the behavior of structures under seismic loads. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does free vibration response of undamped systems emphasize?

<p>The behavior of structures after removal of external forces. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the 'response spectrum'?

<p>A graphical representation of equivalent lateral seismic loads. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of seismic design is primarily addressed by dynamic analysis?

<p>Modeling load effects accurately. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of response time history analysis in earthquake engineering?

<p>To determine the system response at each increment of time for a suite of ground motion acceleration histories. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of structural dynamics, what does the modal response spectrum analysis help establish?

<p>The maximum structural response using natural periods and mode shapes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the number of degrees of freedom (DOFs) affect the vibrational analysis of structures?

<p>It increases the complexity of the mathematical models needed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What assumption is made regarding the stiffness of beams and columns in a single-degree-of-freedom system?

<p>Beams are much stiffer than columns. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily causes free vibration in an undamped system?

<p>Initial displacement and velocity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical characteristic of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system?

<p>It is a simplified model assuming no interactions between structural members. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When analyzing a rigidly connected frame, how many degrees of freedom are typically attributed to connections?

<p>3 DOFs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do internal loads play in the design of structural members within earthquake engineering?

<p>They determine the performance requirements of each structural member. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle is used to formulate the equilibrium equation for an SDOF system?

<p>D’Alembert’s principle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is described as harmonic motion in the context of free vibration response?

<p>A function of sine and cosine of the same frequency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the natural period of vibration, Tn, represent?

<p>The time to complete a full cycle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the natural cyclic frequency, fn, related to the natural period of vibration, Tn?

<p>fn is the reciprocal of Tn (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the phase angle, β, relate to in the context of the free vibration of undamped systems?

<p>The amplitude and the constants A and B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equation characterizes the motion of an SDOF system in free vibration analysis?

<p>F = ma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical quantity does the natural circular frequency, ωn, represent?

<p>The rate of oscillation in radians per second (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter is introduced alongside the phase angle in the alternative formulation of the free vibration response?

<p>Amplitude (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor is directly proportional to the circular frequency in seismic analysis?

<p>Mass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the total effective weight in the context of seismic analysis?

<p>Total effective weight, W (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is structural stiffness, k, defined?

<p>Force divided by displacement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which variable is essential for determining the natural period of vibration of a linear elastic SDOF system?

<p>Circular frequency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the stiffness in the context of an SDOF system?

<p>To characterize the equation of motion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of loading primarily influences the design and analysis of structures in earthquake engineering?

<p>Seismic loading (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information does the linear relationship between force and displacement provide in earthquake engineering?

<p>Stiffness constants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In seismic analysis, what is meant by story weight, Wx?

<p>Weight acting on a single story (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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