Purines vs Pyrimidines Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What are purines and pyrimidines?

  • Types of carbohydrates
  • Two categories of proteins
  • Types of amino acids
  • Two categories of nitrogenous bases (correct)
  • What is the primary difference between purines and pyrimidines?

    Their molecular structure and size

    What is the structure of purines?

    A larger, double-ring structure

    How many rings are found in purines?

    <p>Two rings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the bases of purines?

    <p>Adenine (A) and guanine (G)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are adenine (A) and guanine (G) found?

    <p>In DNA and RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of pyrimidines?

    <p>A smaller, single-ring structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many rings are found in pyrimidines?

    <p>One ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the bases of pyrimidines?

    <p>Cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pairs with thymine in DNA?

    <p>Adenine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pairs with uracil in RNA?

    <p>Adenine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Purines have a single-ring structure.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pyrimidines have a double-ring structure.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Purines and Pyrimidines

    • Nitrogenous bases are the building blocks of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), categorized into purines and pyrimidines.

    Structural Differences

    • Purines have a larger, double-ring structure, while pyrimidines possess a smaller, single-ring structure.
    • Purines consist of a six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring.

    Purine Characteristics

    • Key purine bases include adenine (A) and guanine (G).
    • Adenine pairs with thymine (T) in DNA and with uracil (U) in RNA.

    Pyrimidine Characteristics

    • Pyrimidines include cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U).
    • Thymine pairs with adenine in DNA, while uracil pairs with adenine in RNA.

    Summary of Base Pairing

    • The pairing of bases is crucial for the integrity of genetic information:
      • Adenine (A) - Thymine (T) in DNA
      • Adenine (A) - Uracil (U) in RNA
      • Cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G), regardless of being in DNA or RNA.

    Structural Summary

    • Purines:
      • Double-ring structure
      • Include adenine and guanine
    • Pyrimidines:
      • Single-ring structure
      • Include cytosine, thymine, and uracil

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    Description

    Dive into the essential distinctions between purines and pyrimidines with these flashcards. Understand their molecular structures, sizes, and their significance in DNA and RNA. Perfect for students studying biochemistry or molecular biology.

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