Pulse Oximetry

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Questions and Answers

What is the formula for arterial oxygen content (CaO2)?

$CaO2 = SaO2 imes (Hgb imes 1.34) + (0.003 imes PaO2)$ (correct)

$CaO2 = SaO2 + (Hgb imes 1.34) - (0.003 imes PaO2)$

$CaO2 = SaO2 + (Hgb imes 1.34) imes (0.003 imes PaO2)$

$CaO2 = SaO2 imes (Hgb + 1.34) - (0.003 imes PaO2)$

What does the Beer-Lambert Law calculate in the context of pulse oximetry?

PaO2

SpO2 (correct)

SaO2

Hgb concentration

What is the relationship between available O2 and the saturation of Hgb described by the Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve?

Linear relationship

Exponential relationship

Logarithmic relationship (correct)

Inverse relationship

What does the Beer-Lambert Law equation calculate?

Ratio of transmitted to incident light intensity Signup and view all the answers

What does Lambert's law describe?

Luminance on a surface illuminated by light from a point source Signup and view all the answers

What is an important application of the Beer-Lambert Law within anesthesia practice?

Calculating arterial oxygen content for blood gas analysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the pulse oximeter probe's composition?

Two light-emitting diodes (LED) in red and near-infrared bands Signup and view all the answers

What does plethysmographic analysis differentiate?

Pulsatile arterial signal from nonpulsatile signals and tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is pulse oximetry prone to?

Artifact, delayed measurements, and inaccuracies at low SpO2 values Signup and view all the answers

What can cause errors in pulse oximetry readings?

Other hemoglobin species, dyes, and various artifacts Signup and view all the answers

What does cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy monitor?

$\text{Regional tissue oxygen saturation}$ Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in cerebral oximetry?

Scattering and reflection of electromagnetic radiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between light absorbance at both wavelengths?

Divided by absorbance of light from extraneous tissue Signup and view all the answers

What does physiological derangement like left and right shifts affect?

Pulse oximetry readings Signup and view all the answers

What does pulse oximetry allow?

Continuous monitoring Signup and view all the answers

What is used to monitor regional tissue oxygen saturation?

Cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pulse Oximetry and Plethysmography Overview

Absorptivity is proportional to solution concentration in spectrophotometry
Pulse oximeter probe contains two light-emitting diodes (LED) in red and near-infrared bands
Plethysmographic analysis differentiates pulsatile arterial signal from nonpulsatile signals and tissue
Light absorbance at both wavelengths is divided by absorbance of light from extraneous tissue
Pulse oximetry is non-invasive, easy to apply, and allows continuous monitoring
However, it is prone to artifact, delayed measurements, and inaccuracies at low SpO2 values
Errors in pulse oximetry can occur due to other hemoglobin species, dyes, and various artifacts
Physiological derangements like left and right shifts affect pulse oximetry readings
Standards of care for equipment and monitoring are established to ensure accuracy and safety
Cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy monitors regional tissue oxygen saturation
Scattering and reflection of electromagnetic radiation occurs in cerebral oximetry
Anesthesia Equipment: Principles and Applications is a recommended resource for further information

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Description

Test your knowledge of pulse oximetry and plethysmography with this quiz covering the principles, applications, and potential sources of error. Get insights into measuring oxygen saturation, standard monitoring practices, and factors affecting accuracy.