Pulmonary Function Tests Overview
35 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of pulmonary function tests?

  • To measure blood pressure and heart rate
  • To assess digestive system health
  • To determine skin allergy reactions
  • To evaluate lung function and identify breathing issues (correct)

Which factor should be considered regarding smoking before pulmonary function tests?

  • Smoking has no effect on the results of the tests
  • Clients should refrain from smoking for 6 to 8 hours before testing (correct)
  • Clients should smoke immediately before testing
  • Clients should smoke at least 2 hours before the tests

In what context might pulmonary function tests be ordered?

  • To evaluate lung function before surgical procedures (correct)
  • To monitor insulin levels in diabetic patients
  • To determine bone density
  • To test for food allergies

What role do pulmonary function tests play for clients with dyspnea?

<p>They assist in identifying underlying lung diseases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long should inhalers be withheld before taking pulmonary function tests?

<p>4 to 6 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the pH value measure in an arterial blood gas report?

<p>Amount of free hydrogen ions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of an arterial blood gas analysis indicates the efficiency of oxygen transport?

<p>SaO2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can arterial blood gases be obtained?

<p>By an arterial puncture or through an arterial line (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the PaCO2 measurement indicate in an arterial blood gas?

<p>The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the HCO3¯ value represent in an arterial blood gas analysis?

<p>Concentration of bicarbonate in arterial blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of performing an Allen's test before arterial puncture?

<p>To verify the patency of the radial and ulnar arteries. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to compress both the ulnar and radial arteries during the Allen's test?

<p>To observe capillary refill in the palm and fingers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should happen to the client's hand in the Allen's test if the ulnar artery is patent?

<p>It should turn pink within 15 seconds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common experience for clients undergoing arterial blood gas checks?

<p>They are often unaware of the purpose of the puncture. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What equipment is essential for collecting an arterial blood gas sample?

<p>A heparinized syringe for the sample collection. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technique should be used when performing an arterial puncture?

<p>Surgical aseptic technique (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should a collected arterial blood specimen be placed to preserve pH levels and oxygen pressure?

<p>In a basin of ice and water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of clients may present more difficulty when accessing the radial artery for sampling?

<p>Older adult clients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who frequently performs arterial punctures in hospital settings?

<p>Respiratory therapists (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with the collected specimen after it is capped?

<p>Transport it to the laboratory immediately (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum duration for maintaining direct pressure at the arterial puncture site if the client is on anticoagulant therapy?

<p>20 minutes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following interventions should be documented after an arterial puncture?

<p>All interventions performed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a blood pH level less than 7.35 indicate?

<p>Acidosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which observation should be monitored at the arterial blood gas sampling site after the procedure?

<p>Pulse quality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if bleeding is still present after performing direct pressure post-arterial puncture?

<p>Reapply direct pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What blood pH level indicates acidosis?

<p>7.35 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action should be taken if air embolism signs occur during an arterial puncture?

<p>Place the client in the flat or Trendelenburg position. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected reference range for HCO3¯ in an arterial blood gas analysis?

<p>22 to 26 mEq/L (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which complication occurs due to blood accumulation under the skin at the puncture site?

<p>Hematoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be monitored for after an arterial blood gas sampling procedure?

<p>Temperature changes and swelling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one indication for performing a bronchoscopy?

<p>Visualization of abnormalities such as tumors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes a risk associated with bronchoscopy that includes a biopsy?

<p>Potential for bleeding and perforation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which setting can bronchoscopy be performed?

<p>At the bedside under local anesthesia and sedation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a therapeutic reason for performing a bronchoscopy?

<p>Removal of foreign bodies from the tracheobronchial tree (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about bronchoscopy is true?

<p>It can be performed on clients receiving mechanical ventilation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are PFTs?

Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) measure lung function and breathing issues.

What do PFTs measure?

PFTs measure lung volumes, capacities, diffusion, gas exchange, flow rates, airway resistance, and ventilation distribution.

Who needs PFTs?

Clients with breathing difficulties, suspected lung disease, or pre-surgical respiratory risk assessment.

Smoking and PFTs?

Do not smoke 6-8 hours before a PFT.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inhalers and PFTs?

Clients must not use inhalers 4-6 hours prior to PFT. Policy may vary.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)

A blood test that measures the oxygen and acid-base balance in the blood.

Signup and view all the flashcards

pH

Measures the amount of free hydrogen ions (H+) in the blood, indicating acidity or alkalinity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

PaO2

Measures the partial pressure of oxygen dissolved in the blood.

Signup and view all the flashcards

PaCO2

Measures the partial pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood.

Signup and view all the flashcards

HCO3-

Measures the concentration of bicarbonate in the blood, which helps regulate acid-base balance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Arterial Blood Gas

A blood test that measures the oxygen levels and acid-base balance in the blood, giving information about how well your lungs are working and how your body is managing acid levels.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Allen's Test

A test that checks whether the ulnar artery is working properly, ensuring blood flow to the hand before an arterial puncture.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Heparinized Syringe

A syringe coated with heparin, a medication that prevents blood clotting, used to collect arterial blood gas samples.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why is the Allen's Test Important?

The Allen's test ensures blood flow can bypass the artery to be punctured, preventing damage to the hand if there's a blockage in the radial artery.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Arterial Puncture

A procedure to collect blood directly from an artery, usually the radial artery in the wrist, for analysis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Arterial Puncture Technique

Collecting a blood sample directly from an artery, usually the radial artery, using surgical aseptic technique and a heparinized syringe.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Preserving ABG Specimen

After drawing ABG, immediately place the specimen in a basin of ice and water to preserve pH levels and oxygen pressure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Radial Artery Access

Accessing the radial artery for ABG sampling can be more difficult in older adults due to impaired peripheral vasculature.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Transporting ABG Samples

ABG specimens must be transported to the laboratory immediately after collection.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pressure After Puncture

Immediately after an arterial puncture, hold direct pressure over the site for at least 5 minutes, or 20 minutes if the client is on anticoagulants. Ensure bleeding stops before releasing pressure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

ABG Site Monitoring

After an arterial puncture, monitor the site for any signs of bleeding, loss of pulse, swelling, temperature changes, or color changes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Blood pH Levels

Blood pH levels below 7.35 indicate acidosis, and levels above 7.45 indicate alkalosis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Document ABG Interventions

After performing an arterial puncture, document all interventions performed and the client's response to the procedure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Report ABG Results

Report ABG results to the provider as soon as they are available.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a hematoma?

A hematoma is a collection of blood that builds up under the skin, usually at the site of a puncture.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why is the Trendelenburg position used for air embolism?

The Trendelenburg position, where the head is lower than the feet, helps to push any air bubbles in the arterial system towards the heart, which is a stronger pump.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the Valsalva maneuver?

The Valsalva maneuver involves bearing down while holding your breath. This increases pressure in the chest and helps to push air bubbles out of the arteries.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are common signs of an air embolism?

Some common signs of an air embolism include sudden shortness of breath, decreased oxygen levels, chest pain, anxiety, and feeling like you can't get enough air.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the most important nursing actions for a potential air embolism?

If an air embolism is suspected, the most important actions are placing the patient in Trendelenburg, asking them to do the Valsalva maneuver, and monitoring for any worsening breathing difficulties.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a bronchoscopy?

A procedure that uses a flexible or rigid scope to visualize the larynx, trachea, and bronchi. It's like looking into the airway with a tiny camera.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the main uses of bronchoscopy?

It helps diagnose and treat airway problems. This includes things like finding tumors, taking biopsies, removing foreign objects, and even treating lung collapse.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the potential risks of bronchoscopy?

There's a chance of bleeding or a puncture in the airway, especially if a biopsy is done.

Signup and view all the flashcards

When might bronchoscopy be done on a ventilated patient?

We can insert the scope through the endotracheal tube to visualize the airway of a client on a ventilator.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why is bronchoscopy a valuable tool?

It provides valuable information about the airway, allowing doctors to diagnose and treat problems more effectively.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)

  • PFTs assess lung function and breathing problems.
  • They measure lung volumes, capacities, diffusion capacity, gas exchange, flow rates, airway resistance, and ventilation distribution.
  • PFTs help diagnose lung diseases.
  • Often used for clients experiencing shortness of breath (dyspnea).
  • Helpful in identifying respiratory risks before surgery.
  • Smokers should not smoke 6-8 hours before testing.
  • Clients using inhalers should withhold them 4-6 hours before testing (facility protocols may vary).

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Description

This quiz covers the key aspects of pulmonary function tests (PFTs), including their purpose in assessing lung function and diagnosing respiratory issues. Learn about various measurements involved in PFTs and important pre-test protocols for patients. It's essential for understanding respiratory care and managing lung diseases effectively.

More Like This

Pulmonary Function Tests
25 questions

Pulmonary Function Tests

BriskDenouement avatar
BriskDenouement
Pulmonary Function Tests Overview
5 questions

Pulmonary Function Tests Overview

AmazedMossAgate9955 avatar
AmazedMossAgate9955
Pulmonary Function Tests Overview
48 questions

Pulmonary Function Tests Overview

EncouragingTurkey avatar
EncouragingTurkey
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser