24 Questions
What is the maximum amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal or resting expiration?
1.2 L
What is the volume of air that can be exhaled from the lungs after a maximum inspiration?
4.7 L
What is the amount of air that the lung can hold after normal expiration?
3.5 L
What is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a forceful expiration?
1.2 L
What is the equation for Vital Capacity (VC)?
VC = IRV + TV + ERV
What is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after normal expiration?
1.2 L
What is the relationship between Inspiratory Capacity (IC) and Tidal Volume (TV)?
IC = IRV + TV
What is the difference between Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) and Residual Volume (RV)?
ERV is the volume of air exhaled after a normal expiration, while RV is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a forceful expiration
What is the total lung capacity (TLC) equal to?
IRV + TV + ERV + RV
What is the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled slowly after slow maximum inhalation?
Slow vital capacity (SVC)
What is the largest volume of air that can be breathed out of the lungs in 1 minute?
Maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV)
What is the volume of expired air in liters per minute measured over a minimum of one minute while breathing normally?
Minute ventilation (MV)
What is the majority of FVC exhaled in?
The first few seconds
What is the respiratory rate multiplied by in the formula for minute ventilation?
Tidal volume
What is the purpose of dynamic lung tests?
To determine the severity of obstructive and restrictive lung diseases
What is the name of the test that measures the total volume of air that can be exhaled forcefully and rapidly after maximum inhalation?
Forced vital capacity (FVC)
What is the primary function of pulmonary function tests?
To measure how well the lungs take in and release air
What is spirometry?
The most common type of pulmonary function test
What is measured by spirometry?
How much air you can breathe in and out of your lungs
What is the difference between lung volumes and capacities?
Lung volumes are static, while capacities are dynamic
What is the Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)?
The maximum amount of air that can be forcefully inspired after a normal tidal volume inspiration
What is the Tidal Volume (TV)?
The amount of air inspired or expired during normal quiet breathing
How many static lung volumes are there?
4
What is the total lung capacity?
IRV + TV + ERV + RV
Study Notes
Pulmonary Function Tests
- Pulmonary function tests measure how well the lungs take in and release air.
- Spirometry is the most common type of pulmonary function test.
Lung Volumes and Capacities
- Lung volumes are divided into 4 defined volumes and 4 capacities.
- Volumes are integral units, whereas capacities consist of 2 or more volumes.
- Static lung volumes do not depend on the rate at which air flows.
Lung Volumes
- Tidal Volume (TV): volume of air inspired or expired during normal quiet breathing (0.5L).
- Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV): maximum amount of air that can be forcefully inspired after a normal tidal volume (3L).
- Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV): maximum amount of air that can be forcefully expired after a normal or resting expiration (1.2L).
- Residual Volume (RV): volume of air remaining in the lungs after a forceful expiration (1.2L).
Lung Capacities
- Vital Capacity (VC): volume of air that can be exhaled from the lungs after a maximum inspiration (VC = IRV + TV + ERV = 4.7L).
- Inspiratory Capacity (IC): amount of air that the lung can hold after normal expiration (IC = IRV + TV = 3.5L).
- Functional Residual Capacity (FRC): volume of air remaining in the lungs after normal expiration (FRC = ERV + RV = 2.4L).
- Total Lung Capacity (TLC): volume of air in the lungs after a maximum inspiration (TLC = IRV + TV + ERV + RV = 5.9L).
Spirometry Tests
- Forced Vital Capacity (FVC): total volume of air that can be exhaled forcefully and rapidly after maximum inhalation.
- Slow Vital Capacity (SVC): maximum volume of air that can be exhaled slowly after slow maximum inhalation.
- Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV): largest volume of air that can be breathed out of the lungs in 1 minute.
- Minute Ventilation (MV): volume of expired air in liters per minute measured over a minimum of one minute while breathing normally (MV = respiratory rate x tidal volume).
Assess your knowledge of pulmonary function tests, including spirometry, lung volumes, and capacities. Learn how they measure lung function and breathing capacity.
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