Pulmonary Conditions and Treatments

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Which diagnostic procedure involves analyzing fluid to determine the cause of pleural effusion?

CT Scan
Thoracentesis (correct)
Ultrasound
Chest X-ray

A primary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs due to an underlying lung disease.

False (B)

What is the primary treatment for empyema focused on removing infected fluid?

Drainage

Which of the following complications can arise from a lung abscess?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

__________ is inflammation of the pleura, characterized by causing sharp chest pain, particularly during breathing.

Pleurisy Signup and view all the answers

Atelectasis is characterized by the over-inflation of lung tissue.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions with their respective primary treatment approaches:

Pleural Effusion due to Heart Failure = Diuretics Pneumothorax = Needle Aspiration or Chest Tube Insertion Empyema = Antibiotics and Drainage Pleurisy = Pain Management and Anti-inflammatory medications Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with shortness of breath, chest pain, and cyanosis following a car accident with significant chest trauma. Which of the following conditions is MOST likely?

Pneumothorax (C) Signup and view all the answers

List three potential causes of a lung abscess.

Aspiration, bacterial infections, periodontal disease, alcoholism, COPD, immunosuppression Signup and view all the answers

Treatment approaches for lung abscess include eradicating the infection, draining the abscess, and providing __________ care.

supportive Signup and view all the answers

A patient with a history of intravenous drug uses develops a persistent fever, cough, and right-sided chest pain. Imaging reveals a loculated pleural effusion. Aspiration yields purulent fluid with gram-positive cocci. Besides antibiotics, what is the MOST appropriate next step in management?

Insert a chest tube for drainage (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these conditions will most likely lead to increased risk of a lung abscess that requires a more detailed treatment plan?

Chronic Lung Disease (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with known asbestosis is being monitored for the development of pleural abnormalities. Considering the unique risks associated with asbestos exposure, which specific malignancy is of greatest concern in the context of pleural disease?

Mesothelioma Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary indication for performing a thoracentesis?

To analyze pleural fluid in cases of suspected malignancy. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Thoracentesis is only used for therapeutic purposes and not for diagnostic reasons.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What patient position is typically preferred during a thoracentesis procedure?

upright, leaning forward Signup and view all the answers

The accumulation of fluid in the pleural space is known as pleural ______.

effusion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom associated with pleural diseases?

Persistent hiccups (A) Signup and view all the answers

Pleural diseases always present with a fever.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following complications with their descriptions:

Pneumothorax = Air leakage into the pleural space, leading to lung collapse. Hemothorax = Blood accumulation in the pleural space. Infection = Microbial invasion at the needle insertion site causing localized inflammation. Re-expansion pulmonary edema = Rare condition causing fluid accumulation in the lungs post-thoracentesis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using ultrasound guidance during thoracentesis?

To help locate the fluid pocket and avoid puncturing other organs. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of treatment for pleural diseases?

To address the underlying condition Signup and view all the answers

__________ is a procedure that involves removing pleural fluid for analysis or to relieve pressure.

Thoracentesis Signup and view all the answers

A chest X-ray is typically performed post-thoracentesis to check for hemothorax.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Name one symptom that thoracentesis aims to relieve in patients with large pleural effusions.

dyspnea Signup and view all the answers

Match the diagnostic procedure with its primary purpose in evaluating pleurisy:

Chest X-ray = To check for inflammation or fluid buildup CT Scan = Detailed imaging to identify abnormalities Ultrasound = To detect pleural effusion Blood Tests = To identify infections or autoimmune disorders Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following autoimmune diseases is associated with pleurisy?

Rheumatoid arthritis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the least common complication associated with thoracentesis?

Re-expansion pulmonary edema (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with sudden respiratory distress and chest pain following a thoracentesis procedure. A subsequent chest X-ray reveals hyperlucency and absence of lung markings on the affected side. Which of the following complications is MOST likely?

Tension pneumothorax. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen are commonly used to treat pleurisy.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Besides infections and autoimmune diseases, name another cause of pleurisy mentioned.

Trauma Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with sharp chest pain, shortness of breath, and a dry cough. A chest X-ray reveals a small pleural effusion. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate initial intervention?

Prescription of NSAIDs and close monitoring (A) Signup and view all the answers

In cases of pleurisy caused by bacterial infections, ________ are administered to combat the infection.

Antibiotics Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes empyema?

Infected pleural effusion. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A pneumothorax involves fluid accumulation in the pleural space.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of nursing interventions for a patient with a lung abscess?

Promote lung expansion and sputum clearance Signup and view all the answers

A vital nursing intervention for lung abscess involves administering ________ based on likely pathogens, adjusted according to culture results.

antibiotics Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions with their primary characteristic:

Pleural Effusion = Fluid accumulation in the pleural space Pneumothorax = Air in the pleural space Lung Abscess = Localized collection of pus within the lung parenchyma Signup and view all the answers

Which of the listed monitoring parameters provides direct insight into the effectiveness of oxygen therapy for a patient?

Oxygen saturation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Completing the full course of antibiotics is not crucial for patients recovering from a lung abscess, as symptoms often subside quickly.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Besides medication compliance, what is a key lifestyle modification that patients should adopt to promote recovery and prevent further lung damage after experiencing a lung abscess?

Smoking cessation Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with shortness of breath and chest pain. Imaging reveals fluid accumulation in the pleural space with signs of infection. Lab results confirm the presence of bacteria. Which of the following interventions is MOST appropriate?

Initiating empiric antibiotics and preparing for drainage of the pleural space. (C) Signup and view all the answers

An immunocompromised patient develops a lung abscess resistant to multiple antibiotics. Despite drainage and aggressive supportive care, the patient's condition continues to deteriorate, exhibiting signs of sepsis and multi-organ dysfunction. What would be considered a treatment?

Initiation of experimental phage therapy targeting the specific resistant bacteria. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Pleural Effusion

Fluid accumulation in the pleural space.

Pneumothorax

Collapse of lung due to air in pleural space.