Sheet 4 Physiology

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What is the volume that normal people like us can reach in their lungs?

Minimal volume

Resting volume

Maximum volume

Residual volume (correct)

Is it possible for normal people to reach minimal volume in their lungs?

No, they can't reach minimal volume (correct)

People with lung diseases can reach minimal volume

Only athletes can reach minimal volume

Yes, they can reach minimal volume

Which volume of the lungs indicates that normal people like us cannot reach minimal volume?

Minimal volume

Maximum volume

Residual volume (correct)

Resting volume

If someone can reach the resting volume of their lungs, are they considered normal in this context?

No, they are not normal Signup and view all the answers

Which lung volume can normal individuals not achieve as stated in the text?

Minimal volume Signup and view all the answers

What does the slope represent in the context provided?

Compliance Signup and view all the answers

What is the resting volume of the lung referred to as?

Minimal Volume (MV) Signup and view all the answers

Why does the lung lose its tendency to collapse at resting volume?

Due to being at its resting state Signup and view all the answers

In the formula Slope= ΔV/ ΔP, what does ΔV represent?

Volume change Signup and view all the answers

What is another term used for the resting volume of the lung?

Stressed Volume (SV) Signup and view all the answers

In the context provided, which stage involves inflating a partially inflated lung with little force?

Stage 2 Signup and view all the answers

What is not recommended in the context of the uncompliant lung?

Inflate a totally inflated lung Signup and view all the answers

Why do we refer to the backward process as hysteresis in the context provided?

Because it has a different curve than the forward process Signup and view all the answers

Which component has an approximate compliance of 200ml/1cmH2O?

Lung Signup and view all the answers

What are the two components that make up the respiratory system analogy provided in the text?

Lung and Thorax Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the dynamic work is required to overcome the viscosity of the lung and chest wall structures?

20% Signup and view all the answers

Which type of forces need to be overcome to perform the work mentioned in the text?

Non-elastic forces Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the lung and chest wall structures contributes to the dynamic work that needs to be overcome?

Viscosity Signup and view all the answers

If the dynamic work is 100 units, how many units are needed to overcome the viscosity of the lung and chest wall structures?

20 units Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the remaining 80% of dynamic work after accounting for the viscosity of the lung and chest wall structures?

It is used to overcome elasticity Signup and view all the answers

At functional residual capacity in a normal male adult, what happens to the arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2)?

It remains the same Signup and view all the answers

At functional residual capacity in a normal male adult, what happens to the arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2)?

It remains the same Signup and view all the answers

What happens to lung compliance at functional residual capacity in a normal male adult?

It remains the same Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding lung volumes at functional residual capacity?

Expiratory reserve volume is fully utilized Signup and view all the answers

What happens to alveolar pressure compared to atmospheric pressure at functional residual capacity in a normal male adult?

Alveolar pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure Signup and view all the answers

At functional residual capacity in a normal male adult, what happens to lung recoil pressure?

It remains constant Signup and view all the answers

What role does surfactant play at functional residual capacity in the respiratory system analogy provided?

Maintains alveolar inflation Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for the lung to have a tendency to collapse at minimal volume?

To maintain proper gas exchange efficiency Signup and view all the answers

How does lung compliance change from minimal volume to functional residual capacity in a normal male adult?

It decreases Signup and view all the answers

Which component contributes most significantly to the dynamic work needed to overcome the viscosity of lung and chest wall structures?

Pleural space Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the lung compliance at functional residual capacity in a normal male adult?

It decreases compared to other lung volumes Signup and view all the answers

Which force needs to be overcome in the context provided to perform the work mentioned?

Viscous forces in the lung and chest wall structures Signup and view all the answers

What role does surfactant play at functional residual capacity?

Prevents alveolar collapse during exhalation Signup and view all the answers

What happens to alveolar pressure compared to atmospheric pressure at functional residual capacity in a normal male adult?

Alveolar pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) at functional residual capacity in a normal male adult?

It decreases compared to other lung volumes Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the backward process referred to as hysteresis in the context provided?

It occurs due to changes in alveolar volume during inhalation and exhalation Signup and view all the answers

What volume of the lungs indicates that normal individuals cannot reach minimal volume?

Total lung capacity Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for the lung to have a tendency to collapse at minimal volume?

To facilitate efficient gas exchange Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the remaining 80% of dynamic work after accounting for the viscosity of lung and chest wall structures?

It is utilized for overcoming elastic forces in the lung tissue Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the lung and chest wall structures contributes significantly to the dynamic work needed to be overcome?

Elasticity of lung tissue Signup and view all the answers

Sheet 4 Physiology

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Questions and Answers

What is the volume that normal people like us can reach in their lungs?

Is it possible for normal people to reach minimal volume in their lungs?

Which volume of the lungs indicates that normal people like us cannot reach minimal volume?

If someone can reach the resting volume of their lungs, are they considered normal in this context?

Which lung volume can normal individuals not achieve as stated in the text?

What does the slope represent in the context provided?

What is the resting volume of the lung referred to as?

Why does the lung lose its tendency to collapse at resting volume?

In the formula Slope= ΔV/ ΔP, what does ΔV represent?

What is another term used for the resting volume of the lung?

In the context provided, which stage involves inflating a partially inflated lung with little force?

What is not recommended in the context of the uncompliant lung?

Why do we refer to the backward process as hysteresis in the context provided?

Which component has an approximate compliance of 200ml/1cmH2O?

What are the two components that make up the respiratory system analogy provided in the text?

What percentage of the dynamic work is required to overcome the viscosity of the lung and chest wall structures?

Which type of forces need to be overcome to perform the work mentioned in the text?

What aspect of the lung and chest wall structures contributes to the dynamic work that needs to be overcome?

If the dynamic work is 100 units, how many units are needed to overcome the viscosity of the lung and chest wall structures?

What happens to the remaining 80% of dynamic work after accounting for the viscosity of the lung and chest wall structures?

At functional residual capacity in a normal male adult, what happens to the arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2)?

At functional residual capacity in a normal male adult, what happens to the arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2)?

What happens to lung compliance at functional residual capacity in a normal male adult?

Which of the following is true regarding lung volumes at functional residual capacity?

What happens to alveolar pressure compared to atmospheric pressure at functional residual capacity in a normal male adult?

At functional residual capacity in a normal male adult, what happens to lung recoil pressure?

What role does surfactant play at functional residual capacity in the respiratory system analogy provided?

Why is it important for the lung to have a tendency to collapse at minimal volume?

How does lung compliance change from minimal volume to functional residual capacity in a normal male adult?

Which component contributes most significantly to the dynamic work needed to overcome the viscosity of lung and chest wall structures?

What is true about the lung compliance at functional residual capacity in a normal male adult?

Which force needs to be overcome in the context provided to perform the work mentioned?

What role does surfactant play at functional residual capacity?

What happens to alveolar pressure compared to atmospheric pressure at functional residual capacity in a normal male adult?

What happens to the arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) at functional residual capacity in a normal male adult?

What is true about the backward process referred to as hysteresis in the context provided?

What volume of the lungs indicates that normal individuals cannot reach minimal volume?

Why is it important for the lung to have a tendency to collapse at minimal volume?

What happens to the remaining 80% of dynamic work after accounting for the viscosity of lung and chest wall structures?

What aspect of the lung and chest wall structures contributes significantly to the dynamic work needed to be overcome?

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