Pulmonary Circulation Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which circulation route allows the liver to extract and modify nutrients and detoxify harmful substances in the blood?

  • Systemic Circulation
  • Pulmonary Circulation
  • Renal Circulation
  • Hepatic Portal Circulation (correct)
  • What is the main purpose of fetal circulation?

  • To oxygenate maternal blood
  • To bypass the liver
  • To exchange materials between fetus and mother (correct)
  • To supply nutrients to the mother
  • Which structure shunts blood from the pulmonary trunk into the aorta in fetal circulation?

  • Ductus Venosus
  • Ductus Arteriosus (correct)
  • Umbilical Arteries
  • Foramen Ovale
  • What is the function of the ductus venosus in fetal circulation?

    <p>Shunting blood from placenta to liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In fetal circulation, what does the foramen ovale shunt blood between?

    <p>RA and LA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of fetal circulation allows nutrient and oxygen-rich blood to flow past the liver into the inferior vena cava?

    <p>Ductus Venosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the pulmonary circulation take deoxygenated blood from?

    <p>Right ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vessel returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?

    <p>Pulmonary veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the aorta?

    <p>Carry oxygenated blood to the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a major systemic artery mentioned?

    <p>Cephalic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the veins of the systemic circulation return blood to?

    <p>Heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein is NOT mentioned as a major systemic vein?

    <p>Coronary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal pulse rate for an adult?

    <p>75 beats per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is blood pressure measured?

    <p>With a sphygmomanometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the force of blood recorded during ventricular contraction known as?

    <p>Systolic blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some general changes in the cardiovascular system associated with aging?

    <p>Progressive loss of cardiac muscular strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can a pulse be felt?

    <p>Any artery near the surface or over a hard tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal blood pressure of a young adult male?

    <p>&lt; 120/80</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors contribute to vascular resistance in the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Size of the blood vessel lumen, blood viscosity, total blood vessel length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain helps regulate heart rate and stroke volume?

    <p>Medulla oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sensory receptors provide input to the cardiovascular center during physical activity?

    <p>Proprioceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of baroreceptors in regulating blood pressure?

    <p>Detecting changes in blood pressure and sending signals to adjust it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do negative feedback systems contribute to controlling blood pressure and flow?

    <p>By adjusting heart rate, stroke volume, vascular resistance, and blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when chemoreceptors detect low O2, high CO2, or H+ levels in the blood?

    <p>The cardiovascular center responds by increasing sympathetic stimulation, leading to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are baroreceptors primarily located in the body?

    <p>In the aorta, internal carotid arteries, and other large arteries in the neck and chest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone acts to decrease blood volume, promote vasodilation, and lower blood pressure?

    <p>Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does sympathetic stimulation have on arterioles and veins?

    <p>Causes vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system involves the kidneys secreting renin to increase blood pressure?

    <p>RAA system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in blood pressure regulation?

    <p>Increases blood volume, promotes vasoconstriction, and raises blood pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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