29 Questions
Which circulation route allows the liver to extract and modify nutrients and detoxify harmful substances in the blood?
Hepatic Portal Circulation
What is the main purpose of fetal circulation?
To exchange materials between fetus and mother
Which structure shunts blood from the pulmonary trunk into the aorta in fetal circulation?
Ductus Arteriosus
What is the function of the ductus venosus in fetal circulation?
Shunting blood from placenta to liver
In fetal circulation, what does the foramen ovale shunt blood between?
RA and LA
Which component of fetal circulation allows nutrient and oxygen-rich blood to flow past the liver into the inferior vena cava?
Ductus Venosus
Where does the pulmonary circulation take deoxygenated blood from?
Right ventricle
Which vessel returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?
Pulmonary veins
What is the main purpose of the aorta?
Carry oxygenated blood to the body
Which of the following is NOT a major systemic artery mentioned?
Cephalic
Where do the veins of the systemic circulation return blood to?
Heart
Which vein is NOT mentioned as a major systemic vein?
Coronary
What is the normal pulse rate for an adult?
75 beats per minute
How is blood pressure measured?
With a sphygmomanometer
What is the force of blood recorded during ventricular contraction known as?
Systolic blood pressure
What are some general changes in the cardiovascular system associated with aging?
Progressive loss of cardiac muscular strength
Where can a pulse be felt?
Any artery near the surface or over a hard tissue
What is the normal blood pressure of a young adult male?
< 120/80
What factors contribute to vascular resistance in the cardiovascular system?
Size of the blood vessel lumen, blood viscosity, total blood vessel length
Which part of the brain helps regulate heart rate and stroke volume?
Medulla oblongata
What type of sensory receptors provide input to the cardiovascular center during physical activity?
Proprioceptors
What is the role of baroreceptors in regulating blood pressure?
Detecting changes in blood pressure and sending signals to adjust it
How do negative feedback systems contribute to controlling blood pressure and flow?
By adjusting heart rate, stroke volume, vascular resistance, and blood volume
What happens when chemoreceptors detect low O2, high CO2, or H+ levels in the blood?
The cardiovascular center responds by increasing sympathetic stimulation, leading to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure.
Where are baroreceptors primarily located in the body?
In the aorta, internal carotid arteries, and other large arteries in the neck and chest.
Which hormone acts to decrease blood volume, promote vasodilation, and lower blood pressure?
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
What effect does sympathetic stimulation have on arterioles and veins?
Causes vasoconstriction
Which system involves the kidneys secreting renin to increase blood pressure?
RAA system
What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in blood pressure regulation?
Increases blood volume, promotes vasoconstriction, and raises blood pressure.
Learn about the pathway of deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and the return of oxygenated blood to the left atrium. This quiz provides an overview of the pulmonary circulation system.
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