Pulleys and Mechanical Advantage Flashcards

Pulleys are simple machines that provide mechanical advantage, making it easier to lift heavy loads.
A single fixed pulley offers a mechanical advantage of 1:1, meaning the force needed to lift an object equals the object's weight.
A single movable pulley has a mechanical advantage of 2:1, requiring half the force to lift an object, while also needing twice the rope length to lift the load.
Mechanical advantage refers to the assistance a machine provides to complete work more efficiently.
Increasing the number of pulleys used reduces the effort needed to lift loads, enhancing their effectiveness.

Class 1 levers have the fulcrum between the effort and load; examples include teeter-totters, oars, catapults, and scissors.
Class 2 levers have the load between the effort and fulcrum; examples include wheelbarrows, crowbars, and human joints like arms.
Class 3 levers place the effort between the load and fulcrum; examples include brooms, bats, and fishing rods.
The four essential parts of a lever are the load, effort, lever or beam, and fulcrum.

An inclined plane is a ramp designed to help move heavy objects up or down heights, offering mechanical advantage through gradual elevation changes.
Levers increase force; they function by allowing a long stick to pivot on a fulcrum to move another object.

Force is calculated using the formula F = ma (mass times acceleration).
Motion refers to the changing position or location of an object.
Distance measures how far an object has traveled from its starting point or how far it is from another object.
A fulcrum is the pivotal point on which a lever rests and pivots.
Work is defined as the energy spent in applying a force to move an object, calculated with the formula W = F × D (work = force times distance).