Public Speaking Fundamentals

Fundamentals of Public Speaking

• Mastering fundamental public speaking skills enhances one's effectiveness as a speaker and communicator.
• Essential aspects include understanding your speech's purpose, knowing your audience, developing excellent content, and having great speech organization.
• Understanding your speech's intentions ensures clear messaging to your audience.
• Tailoring your presentation to meet the requirements and needs of your audience.
• Captivating content is developed and informed audience knowledge, impactful storytelling, and supporting material.
• A well-structured speech has a clear introduction, body, and conclusion to effectively convey the message.
• Using impactful language with clear and descriptive words is crucial for message delivery.
• Vocal variety, volume, pitch, speaking rate, and effective pauses maximize the impact of your speech.
• Body language and gestures should align with the message to enhance communication.
• Utilize the stage platform, and be aware of how you use facial expressions and maintain eye contact to build audience rapport.
• Practice with visual aids to emphasize presentation and effectiveness
• Determine strengths and weaknesses through feedback, including recording yourself
• Be authentic to deliver the best speech/presentation possible

History of Public Speaking

• Public speaking is the art of giving structured speeches to live audiences for informing, entertaining, or persuading.
• Public speaking emerged in Athens approximately 2,500 years ago.
• Aspasia of Miletus (469 BCE) was known as the "mother of rhetoric" and shaped the discipline while believed to have taught Socrates.
• Socrates emphasized dialogue and questioning, influencing public speaking through his inquiry methods.
• Plato (429-347 BCE) defined the scope of rhetoric and critiqued its use, especially by Sophists.
• Aristotle (384-322 BCE) defined rhetoric as the art of persuasion and introduced its three pillars such as ethos, logos, and pathos.
• The Roman Era saw Quintilian publish a 12-volume rhetoric guide which emphasized its moral grounding while Cicero believed an ideal orator should possess moral character.
• Cicero introduced the five rhetoric canons: Invention, Arrangement, Style, Memory, and Delivery.
• St. Augustine (354-430 CE) advocated continuing rhetoric study, particularly in the church, for spreading teachings and preserving principles.
• Francis Bacon (1561-1626) supported pursuing truth through communication and holding speakers morally accountable.
• Renaissance revived classical techniques and integrated humanism, emphasizing ethical communication.
• Enlightenment saw renewed interest in political rhetoric, which is especially after the American and French Revolutions.
• John Quincy Adams and other theorists promoted democratic ideals, using rhetoric for engagement and informed citizenship.
• 20th-century developments integrated communication courses with classical rhetoric and contemporary studies for a holistic approach.
• Public speaking became vital for success in many fields, including jobs, awards, conferences, and teaching, and online courses have democratized access.

How to Speak Publicly

• Learning fundamentals improves speakers and overall communicators.
• Know purpose, audience, develop content, proper structure, language, vocal variety, body language, gestures, platform, expressions, visual aids.
• Practice can increase the comfort and skill
• BREATHE!!! Deep breaths and controlling nervousness.
• Keep minimal notes using only key words.
• Grab audience with statistics, jokes, or anecdote.
• Watch hand gestures while speaking and slowing them down.
• Some movement is okay but too much.
• Divert the audience's attention with visual aids such as slides.

Elements of Speech

• A good structure has introduction, credibility references, conclusion, and so on.
• End is crucial to have structured delivery to clearly outline different portions.
• Subtle, silent pauses show a transition to another portion of the speech, change the idea and the topic to show new speech part.
• Most venues permit the use of visual aids, from Basic power points to demonatration.
• Overlooked element of a solid presentation is humor it will help listeners relax and memorised more.
• Receive someone's attention needs a reason give them to listen which list of experience and profession.
• It is possible to finalise components of a good speech without inserting a to action for those unfamiliar.
• When people get involved with action to contribute to the idea which was discussed in the speech.

Kinds of Speeches

• Speeches fit different occasions such as performances, lectures, debates, etc..
• Informative speeches educate on topic using facts/data without visual aids
• Entertaining speeches aim to amuse using humor.
• Demonstrative speeches educate using visual aids.
• Persuasive speeches convince audience with statistics/evidence.
• Oratorical speeches are formal that cover opinions/issues.
• Debate speeches follow set rules and time, different perspectives.
• Special occasion speeches fit a theme without fixed format.
• Pitch speeches seek approval for product.
• Eulogy speeches honor passed, sharing positive memories.
• Motivational speeches inspire to do something better.
• Impromptu speeches require no prior planning.
• Farewell speeches convey goodbyes.
• Explanatory speeches describe situations/things showing step by step.
• Funeral speeches commemorate individuals.

The Communication Process

• The communication process needs effective acts to ensure transmission of meaning between participants who are helping on understanding each other without issues.
• The process that dynamic and ever-evolving Take the conversations you have with your coworkers as an example.
• The topic changes depending on whom you’re speaking to, as do your tone.
• Need a elements of the communication process, those are those: Source,Message, Channel,Receiver,Feedback, Environment,Context,and Interferences.
• Communication process work into Idea formation, Message encoding, Message transmission, Message decoding, Feedback.
• Need improve and better on what the role in conversation and improve own communication skills.
• Through the way we communicate, we learn not only how to get ahead in life but also how to form stable relationships.
• The importance, that will help to Readjust own self-perception and how you view the world around you.
• Become a better learner,how to Learn how to represent own employer and yourself in the best light.
• Verbal and Nonverbal Communication to Involved the exchange of information through spoken words is a direct and explicit. Key elements that to Intonation, Stress,Pauses,Focus Stress and Pace. Non-Verbal Communication- Action or movements used to convey specific messages.

Barriers to Effective Communication

• Physical barriers diminish communication, shift work and rely too heavily on technology for interactions.
• Too much physical distance and being too close in proximity can contribute or kill communication.
• A person’s own mindset can influence how people communicate bad days.
• Emotional intellegence is critical when sharing information messages that are properly received regardless of individual perceptions.
• Cultural barriers can affect how we receive and understand messages, what might be acceptable.
• We must be mindfuls of how our perceptions come across to others its known as what experts refer to as attitudinal barriers.
• Semantic or language barriers is some of most noticeable to miscommunication.
• Hard to explaing world or term of languages.
• Can be cause by a clearly defined communications communications issues.

Types of Barriers

• Physiological barriers are those difficulties lack of one or several cognitive abilities.
• Encourage what that can help effective organizations to have a better environment and policies.
• Ambiguity happens when the speaker uses words or constructs sentences interpreteed many ways.
  • The way to solve this effective is to encourage the team that will have a better and attention listening to them also read to others content.
• 8 to Overwork in team can decrease or reduce our effectiveness at on details in communications.
• It happens when we fail to actively listen when others either because we think we know what they want to say or lack of something a value.
• Stop do it with other work that makes sure the listening.
• How it to talk about it or even bring in an expert train team members on active.

Overcome Barriers to Communication

• It means mastering the art of active listening.
• Knowing how receiver might feel about your message and vice versa, patience, hard trials.
• Building your organization and be best utilized to help the idea, ensure everyone receives it.
• Overcoming is everyone must start with what to improve and guide the strategy
• Communicate is better in to share and sharing help to success in improving ideas.
• A goal is can help overcome the barriers are Right information and right time right amount right context.

Intrapersonal Vs Interpersonal Communication

• Intrapersonal communication is the communication done with oneself, the thoughts, assessments,contemplations and feelings.

• Various kinds, for example are self talk,self reflection,self concept and self esteem. Self- talk is dialouge by individual process and how to evaluate thenself also experiences.

• Self reflection Examining 1s thoughts, help individual gain insights into the inner solves is an critical. Self-concept the way in which individuals perceive themselves. Self-esteem evaluation one’s value ,self-image and self-confidence.

• Interpersonal communication is exchange of information, ideas and feelings through verbal or non verbal.

  • The level measuring interpersonal is a transfer of message among others.

• Intrapersonal communication isnt about throwing words like confetti ,but is symphony that has verbal, listening, ,written Non-verbal.

Group Communication

• Group communication is the interaction between three or more people working together.

• Communication improves team and collaboration . Various channels include face to face meetings, emalls, and video conferenicng.

• Structured interactions team discuss objectives , or current issues . Often by leader ,these meetings ensure that everyone is on the same page.

• Communication parties , wellness retreats , fostering relantionships and improvmment.

Non Verbal:

• Used to convey specific messages, actions or movements .

Verbal: Use to tell and influence effects that is what is cause from voice.