Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the 'A' in the IRAC method stand for?
What does the 'A' in the IRAC method stand for?
- Arguments
- Approach
- Analysis
- Application (correct)
Which of the following best describes a sovereign state?
Which of the following best describes a sovereign state?
- A community with a shared religion
- An entity with the legitimacy to use physical force within its territory (correct)
- An organization led by international treaties
- A territory controlled by foreign powers
According to Hobbes, what is the purpose of establishing a Leviathan?
According to Hobbes, what is the purpose of establishing a Leviathan?
- To promote free trade among states
- To prevent chaos in a state of nature (correct)
- To create equal power among all individuals
- To facilitate international diplomacy
What is included in the concept of state sovereignty?
What is included in the concept of state sovereignty?
What is NOT a component of the definition of a state as per the Peace Treaty of Westphalia?
What is NOT a component of the definition of a state as per the Peace Treaty of Westphalia?
What characterizes the first era of international relations before 1648?
What characterizes the first era of international relations before 1648?
Which event marked the beginning of the second era of international relations?
Which event marked the beginning of the second era of international relations?
What primary shift occurred with the founding of the United Nations in 1945?
What primary shift occurred with the founding of the United Nations in 1945?
What is a key characteristic of the third era from 1945 to the present?
What is a key characteristic of the third era from 1945 to the present?
What did the concept of 'flipped sovereignty' introduced in the fourth era entail?
What did the concept of 'flipped sovereignty' introduced in the fourth era entail?
Which pact is known for renouncing war?
Which pact is known for renouncing war?
What role did the Treaty of Utrecht 1713 play in international relations?
What role did the Treaty of Utrecht 1713 play in international relations?
Which statement accurately describes the increase in responsibilities of states in the modern era?
Which statement accurately describes the increase in responsibilities of states in the modern era?
What treaty was significant in setting human rights standards following the establishment of the United Nations?
What treaty was significant in setting human rights standards following the establishment of the United Nations?
Which conference aimed to promote peace and disarmament during the early 20th century?
Which conference aimed to promote peace and disarmament during the early 20th century?
Flashcards
Sovereignty
Sovereignty
The supreme and absolute power of a state within its own territory, free from external control.
Territorial Integrity
Territorial Integrity
The right of a state to maintain its borders and territory free from invasion or interference by other states.
Equality of States
Equality of States
The ability of a state to interact with other states and international organizations on a level playing field. It includes diplomatic recognition and the right to participate in global affairs.
International Rule of Law
International Rule of Law
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International Law
International Law
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Pre-Westphalia Era
Pre-Westphalia Era
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Post-Westphalia Era
Post-Westphalia Era
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Peace of Westphalia
Peace of Westphalia
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On the Law of War and Peace
On the Law of War and Peace
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Treaty of Utrecht
Treaty of Utrecht
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Congress of Vienna
Congress of Vienna
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Concert of Europe
Concert of Europe
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UN Era
UN Era
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Responsibility to Protect
Responsibility to Protect
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Study Notes
Public International Law - Overview
- Public international law is a system of rules and principles governing relations between sovereign states and their interactions with international organizations like the UN.
How to Answer Exam Questions
- Use the IRAC method or a similar method (e.g., FIRAC).
- Facts: Summarize the relevant facts.
- Issue: Identify the area of law (e.g., State Responsibility, Collective Security) and formulate a legal question.
- Rule: Determine the relevant laws and rules.
- Application/Analysis: Apply the facts to the rules and relevant case law.
- Conclusion: Answer the legal question (often Yes/No) with an explanation.
What is a State?
- A state is a human community claiming a monopoly on the legitimate use of force within a defined territory.
- It is the basis of international law, having rights and responsibilities.
- Relevant characteristics of a state include:
- Sovereignty: Governing authority of a state
- Territorial Integrity: Maintaining the state's borders
- Equality of States: All states are equal under international law
Eras of Sovereignty and International Law
- Pre-Westphalia: States evolved (different tribes, empires, etc) with conflict accepted.
- 1648–1945 (Second Era): Rise of sovereign states with defined borders and use of diplomacy to resolve conflict
- Notable examples include the Treaty of Utrecht, Congress of Vienna, Hague Peace Conferences, Kelogg-Briand Pact, League of Nations and the Montevideo Convention.
- 1945–present (Third Era): United Nations' establishment and development of human rights.
- Notable elements include the UN's foundational principles and the emergence of international human rights.
- Beyond 2005 (Fourth Era): Responsibilities to protect populations.
The Role of States
- States are sovereign entities.
- International law is made with their consent.
- States largely influence international organizations.
- Only states can participate in UN Security Council actions related to international peace.
- States are the primary actors in international courts and tribunal proceedings, making and applying international law.
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