Podcast
Questions and Answers
What significant change occurred in scientific journals by the end of the nineteenth century?
What significant change occurred in scientific journals by the end of the nineteenth century?
- They shifted focus entirely to online platforms.
- They stopped publishing articles on scientific topics.
- They received significant financing and had a wide readership. (correct)
- They became less read and poorly financed.
According to Karen Bultitude, which of the following is NOT a category of science communication?
According to Karen Bultitude, which of the following is NOT a category of science communication?
- Face-to-face events
- Social media interactions (correct)
- Traditional journalism
- Internet contact
What is a primary characteristic of traditional journalism in science communication?
What is a primary characteristic of traditional journalism in science communication?
- Definitive two-way communication
- Potential to set the agenda and influence policies (correct)
- High interaction between scientists and the public
- Exclusive access to scientific debates
What issue arises from the nature of traditional journalism when reporting on science?
What issue arises from the nature of traditional journalism when reporting on science?
What is a common point of contention between scientists and journalists?
What is a common point of contention between scientists and journalists?
What has research shown about scientists' satisfaction with media interactions?
What has research shown about scientists' satisfaction with media interactions?
What role do scientific journals like Nature and National Geographic play in the public's understanding of science?
What role do scientific journals like Nature and National Geographic play in the public's understanding of science?
What potential benefit does traditional journalism provide in science communication?
What potential benefit does traditional journalism provide in science communication?
What is the first type of social constructivism concerned with?
What is the first type of social constructivism concerned with?
Which key work introduced social construction into mainstream social sciences?
Which key work introduced social construction into mainstream social sciences?
What does the second type of social constructivism emphasize?
What does the second type of social constructivism emphasize?
What idea does the third type of social constructivism challenge?
What idea does the third type of social constructivism challenge?
What does the notion of 'objectivated social reality' refer to?
What does the notion of 'objectivated social reality' refer to?
Why is the sociologist's role significant in the context of social constructivism?
Why is the sociologist's role significant in the context of social constructivism?
How can economic interests affect scientific research?
How can economic interests affect scientific research?
What does the theory of social action explore?
What does the theory of social action explore?
What is one of the main goals of scientific research as outlined in the norms for conducting experiments?
What is one of the main goals of scientific research as outlined in the norms for conducting experiments?
What is emphasized in the norms for project applications?
What is emphasized in the norms for project applications?
Which of the following is NOT included in the norms for conducting experiments?
Which of the following is NOT included in the norms for conducting experiments?
What is critical to the success of group collaboration in scientific research?
What is critical to the success of group collaboration in scientific research?
What do scientists primarily publish their theses for?
What do scientists primarily publish their theses for?
What does reciprocal verification and evaluation require in scientific norms?
What does reciprocal verification and evaluation require in scientific norms?
In scientific culture, what facilitates the exchange of ideas among researchers?
In scientific culture, what facilitates the exchange of ideas among researchers?
What change has occurred in the norms for scientists' cooperation with large research projects?
What change has occurred in the norms for scientists' cooperation with large research projects?
What is one key reason scientists must adhere to scientific norms and ethics?
What is one key reason scientists must adhere to scientific norms and ethics?
Which aspect of scientific culture emphasizes the importance of being the first to publish a discovery?
Which aspect of scientific culture emphasizes the importance of being the first to publish a discovery?
What kind of professionals typically make up the editorial boards of science and technology journals?
What kind of professionals typically make up the editorial boards of science and technology journals?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a field that may conflict with traditional ethics?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a field that may conflict with traditional ethics?
What key innovation in the 19th century contributed to the wider dissemination of scientific texts?
What key innovation in the 19th century contributed to the wider dissemination of scientific texts?
What is one common reward for obtaining confirmation of priority in scientific discoveries?
What is one common reward for obtaining confirmation of priority in scientific discoveries?
Who argued that scientific objectivity is supported by scientific procedures?
Who argued that scientific objectivity is supported by scientific procedures?
Which society aimed to promote universal literacy for all classes?
Which society aimed to promote universal literacy for all classes?
Which characteristic is emphasized as a part of the scientific evaluation and award systems?
Which characteristic is emphasized as a part of the scientific evaluation and award systems?
How did the cost of books change during the 19th century?
How did the cost of books change during the 19th century?
What role did weekly journals like the Penny Magazine play in the 19th century?
What role did weekly journals like the Penny Magazine play in the 19th century?
What is a potential implication of developments in transgenics and gene editing?
What is a potential implication of developments in transgenics and gene editing?
What was a prominent feature of the lyceum movement in America during the 19th century?
What was a prominent feature of the lyceum movement in America during the 19th century?
What impact did the professionalization of science have on public interest?
What impact did the professionalization of science have on public interest?
What was a notable trend regarding the publication of scientific discoveries in the 18th century?
What was a notable trend regarding the publication of scientific discoveries in the 18th century?
What was highlighted by historian Aileen Fyfe regarding public information?
What was highlighted by historian Aileen Fyfe regarding public information?
Study Notes
Growth of Public Interest in Science
- Increased availability of scientific communication due to professionalization and public engagement.
- In the 19th century, the steam-powered printing press led to cost-effective book production, making texts accessible to working classes.
Scientific Media in the 19th Century
- Lower book costs expanded readership beyond the elite, contributing to social reforms focused on education.
- Aileen Fyfe noted that accessible public information was vital for intellectual growth.
- Henry Brougham's Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge aimed to establish universal literacy.
Popularization of Science
- Weekly journals like the Penny Magazine educated the public about scientific advancements.
- Universities began hosting extension lectures to engage general audiences.
- Travelling lectures, part of the lyceum movement, attracted hundreds throughout America, promoting science education.
Evolution of Scientific Publications
- The late 19th century saw a decline in discipline-specific journals despite crucial roles for science careers.
- Prominent journals such as Nature and National Geographic gained widespread readership and financial support, indicating increased public interest.
Contemporary Science Communication
- Science communication now spans traditional journalism, live events, and internet engagement.
- Traditional journalism (newspapers, magazines, TV, radio) remains influential, providing high-quality content but often lacks two-way dialogue.
Challenges in Science Communication
- Interactions between scientists and journalists can be strained; oversimplification and misrepresentation concerns arise.
- Surveys indicate mixed satisfaction regarding media relationships among scientists.
Social Constructivism in Science
- First type emphasizes that current structures are not predetermined.
- Second type concerns politics of categories, highlighting the human-imposed nature of classifications.
- Third type focuses on stability of scientific theories based on more than just evidence.
Sociology of Knowledge
- Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann's work introduced social construction to social sciences.
- Cultures have different interpretations of knowledge, impacting societal acceptance of reality.
Scientific Culture and Norms
- Norms govern project applications, experimental conduct, and cooperation among scientists.
- Emphasis on accuracy and repeatability in experiments is critical for scientific integrity.
Norms for Ethical Standards
- Merton's views highlight the inherent risks in scientific research, necessitating higher ethical standards.
- Ethical dilemmas arise in fields like transgenics, cloning, and AI, requiring adherence to scientific norms.
Science Assessment and Rewards
- Evaluation systems influence scientific engagement and culture.
- Emphasis on priority of discoveries shapes scientific community dynamics, affecting professional advancement and recognition.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the growth of public interest in science during the 19th century, focusing on the role of affordable publications and social reforms. Discover how scientific media, extension lectures, and weekly journals contributed to universal literacy and education. This quiz highlights significant movements that popularized science among the general public.
