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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a factor that impacts the individual level of the Social Ecological Model?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that impacts the individual level of the Social Ecological Model?
According to the Health Belief Model, what is a key factor in determining when a person will change their behavior?
According to the Health Belief Model, what is a key factor in determining when a person will change their behavior?
Which of the following is NOT a common mechanism used to promote healthy behavior change?
Which of the following is NOT a common mechanism used to promote healthy behavior change?
What does "allostatic load" refer to?
What does "allostatic load" refer to?
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Which of the following is NOT a leading cause of infant mortality?
Which of the following is NOT a leading cause of infant mortality?
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What is the most likely cause of death for pregnant women or those within 42 days of terminating a pregnancy?
What is the most likely cause of death for pregnant women or those within 42 days of terminating a pregnancy?
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What is the primary reason for the higher rates of maternal mortality in the Black community compared to other racial groups?
What is the primary reason for the higher rates of maternal mortality in the Black community compared to other racial groups?
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Which of the following is an example of a barrier contraceptive method?
Which of the following is an example of a barrier contraceptive method?
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Which of the following is NOT a core function of public health?
Which of the following is NOT a core function of public health?
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Which level of prevention focuses on minimizing the severity of illness or damage from an event?
Which level of prevention focuses on minimizing the severity of illness or damage from an event?
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Which of the following is a branch of public health that uses statistics to assess the health of populations, often examining outbreaks of disease?
Which of the following is a branch of public health that uses statistics to assess the health of populations, often examining outbreaks of disease?
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Which of the following is a factor that contributes to the controversy surrounding public health measures?
Which of the following is a factor that contributes to the controversy surrounding public health measures?
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What is the main difference between medical care and public health?
What is the main difference between medical care and public health?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of socioeconomic status?
Which of the following is NOT a component of socioeconomic status?
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What is the life course perspective in public health?
What is the life course perspective in public health?
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Which of the following is an example of primary prevention in public health?
Which of the following is an example of primary prevention in public health?
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Flashcards
Functions of Public Health
Functions of Public Health
Assessment, policy development, and assurance are core functions of public health.
Primary Prevention
Primary Prevention
Preventing exposure to risk factors, e.g., warnings on cigarette packs.
Secondary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Minimizing severity of illness or damage, e.g., smoking cessation programs.
Tertiary Prevention
Tertiary Prevention
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Life Expectancy
Life Expectancy
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Medical Care vs Public Health
Medical Care vs Public Health
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Social Determinants of Health
Social Determinants of Health
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Components of Socioeconomic Status
Components of Socioeconomic Status
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Social Ecological Model
Social Ecological Model
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Health Belief Model
Health Belief Model
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Maternal Mortality
Maternal Mortality
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Infant Mortality
Infant Mortality
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Allostatic Load
Allostatic Load
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Leading Causes of Infant Mortality
Leading Causes of Infant Mortality
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Contraceptives Types
Contraceptives Types
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Racial Disparities in Maternal Mortality
Racial Disparities in Maternal Mortality
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Study Notes
Chapter 1: Three Core Functions of Public Health
- Assessment: Public health agencies collect, organize, analyze, and share community health data.
- Policy Development: Using scientific knowledge, public health develops strategic approaches to improve community well-being.
- Assurance: Ensuring essential health services are available for all.
Prevention Levels
- Primary Prevention: Preventing exposure to risk factors, like warning labels on cigarettes.
- Secondary Prevention: Minimizing the severity of illness or damage from events (e.g., smoking cessation programs).
- Tertiary Prevention: Reducing disability by providing medical care and rehabilitation (e.g., assisted living).
Life Expectancy
- Life expectancy in the US has increased from 45 to 79.25 years since 1900.
- Roughly 5 years of that increase is attributed to medical care, the remaining improvement to public health initiatives.
Medical Care vs. Public Health
- Medical care treats those already ill or injured.
- Public health focuses on preventing illness and injury before they occur.
Controversy
- Taxpayer funding for public health initiatives.
- Potential loss of individual liberties.
- Religious or moral objections.
- Balancing costs and benefits, as not all those paying for public health always benefit.
Branches/Divisions
- Epidemiology: Studying the health of populations, including outbreaks of disease.
- Biomedical Sciences: Understanding the biological basis of health, genetics, infections, and treatment.
- Environmental Health Science: Preventing diseases through proper management of water, air, and food.
- Social and Behavioral Sciences: Studying human circumstances and behavior.
- Health Services Research: Examining the effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of healthcare.
Chapter 2: Social Determinants of Health
- Social determinants of health are conditions influencing the health of individuals over their lives.
- These conditions stem from distribution of money, power, and resources based on global, national, and local levels.
- Socioeconomic status is a combination of education, income, and occupation.
Life Course Perspective
- Health is influenced by behaviors, biological, psychosocial, and environmental factors throughout one's life.
- Circumstances over the lifetime impact health – not just current behaviors and genetics.
Social Ecological Model
- Individual: Biology, behavior, attitudes, beliefs.
- Interpersonal: Social networks, social ties, norms.
- Institutional: Characteristics of workplaces, schools etc..
- Community: Physical, economic, retail, social environment.
- Policy: Rules and regulations affecting behaviour and resource allocation.
Impacts of Stress
- Stress leads to long-term wear and tear on the body, influencing health habits.
Health Belief Model
- Individuals make health choices based on perceived vulnerability, threat severity, barriers to action, and perceived effectiveness of action
Chapter 3.1: Maternal and Infant Mortality
- Maternal mortality: Death of a pregnant woman or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, when related to pregnancy.
- Infant mortality: Infant's death prior to their first birthday.
- Racial disparities: Black individuals experience higher rates of maternal and mortality compared to other racial groups.
- Leading causes of infant mortality: Congenital abnormalities, pre-term births, and sudden infant death syndrome.
- Contraceptives: Hormonal, barrier, chemical, and surgical methods are used for preventing pregnancy.
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Description
This quiz covers the foundational concepts of public health, including its three core functions: assessment, policy development, and assurance. It also delves into the levels of prevention and the impact of public health on life expectancy in the U.S. Test your understanding of these essential public health principles.
