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Questions and Answers
Which government program aims to provide a subsidized rate for low-income households to help pay full electricity bills?
Which government program aims to provide a subsidized rate for low-income households to help pay full electricity bills?
Which organization has doubled its global fossil fuel subsidies from 2020 to 2021 according to a joint OECD and IEA analysis?
Which organization has doubled its global fossil fuel subsidies from 2020 to 2021 according to a joint OECD and IEA analysis?
What determines the eligibility for the subsidized rate under the modified Lifeline Program?
What determines the eligibility for the subsidized rate under the modified Lifeline Program?
What is the main goal of energy subsidies as mentioned in the text?
What is the main goal of energy subsidies as mentioned in the text?
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Which sector has a program that offers a 100% discount on electricity for those using 0-20 kWh?
Which sector has a program that offers a 100% discount on electricity for those using 0-20 kWh?
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Who created the Water Resources Management Office under the Department of Environment and Natural Resources?
Who created the Water Resources Management Office under the Department of Environment and Natural Resources?
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Which group is NOT eligible for the modified Lifeline Program's subsidized rate according to the Department of Energy?
Which group is NOT eligible for the modified Lifeline Program's subsidized rate according to the Department of Energy?
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What is the main difference between the modified Lifeline Program and its previous rollout?
What is the main difference between the modified Lifeline Program and its previous rollout?
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You have a household with a monthly power consumption of 95 kWh. What discount would this household receive under the Lifeline Program?
You have a household with a monthly power consumption of 95 kWh. What discount would this household receive under the Lifeline Program?
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What is the purpose of creating Water Resources Management Office under DENR?
What is the purpose of creating Water Resources Management Office under DENR?
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Study Notes
Public Goods and Private Goods
- Public goods are characterized as non-excludable and non-rivalrous, meaning individuals cannot be easily excluded from using them and consumption by one person does not reduce the amount available for others.
- Private goods, on the other hand, are both excludable and rivalrous, meaning owners can prevent others from using or consuming them without permission and consumption by one person diminishes the quantity available for others.
Free Rider Problem
- A free rider is a person who benefits from something without expending effort or paying for it.
- Public goods are susceptible to the free rider problem because individuals can benefit from them without contributing towards their provision, leading to under-provision in the absence of intervention.
- Private goods do not typically face the free rider problem because they are excludable, and consumers must pay to access them.
Solutions to the Free Rider Problem
- The government can address the problem by collecting and distributing tax dollars to subsidize public services.
- Communities can turn their public resource into a private resource or impose a small fee on everyone to limit over-consumption and encourage altruistic behavior.
Public Service Delivery
- Public service delivery refers to the necessary services provided by the government to meet the needs of its citizens and enhance their quality of life.
Subsidies Profile
- The Electricity Lifeline Program is a subsidized rate for low-income households, targeting beneficiaries based on power consumption and economic situation.
- The program offers discounts ranging from 5% to 100% based on power consumption, with those consuming 0-20 kWh receiving a 100% discount.
- Energy subsidies are government actions targeting electricity, fossil fuels, or district heating to reduce costs or increase energy supplier revenue.
- Global fossil fuel subsidies nearly doubled from 2020 to 2021, according to a joint analysis by OECD and IEA.
Water Resources Management Office (WRMO)
- The WRMO was created by President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. under the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) in April to manage water resources.
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Description
This quiz covers the characteristics of public goods (non-excludable, non-rivalrous) and private goods (excludable, rivalrous), as well as the concept of the free rider problem. Learn how public goods are susceptible to free riders while private goods are not.
